Effect of stalk and leaf extracts from Euphorbiaceae species on Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) larvae

Abstract

SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil aqueous solutions (hydrolates) obtained by steam distillation of stalks and leaves of Croton argyrophylloides, Croton nepetaefolius, Croton sonderianus and Croton zehntneri against Aedes aegypti larvae. Twenty-five larvae of third instar were placed in plastic beckers, containing the hydrolates (50 mL), in a four repetitions scheme. Water was used as control and the number of dead larvae was counted after 24 hours. The data obtained were submitted to Variance Analysis and Tukey test. Significant differences were observed among the hydrolates from different species and from different parts of each plant (p < 0.001). The hydrolates of stalk and leaf from C. nepetaefolius and C. zehntneri and leaf hydrolate of C. argyrophylloides presented 100% mortality against larvae. The compounds present in C. zenhtneri and C. nepetaefolius are oxygenated phenylpropanoids that are more soluble in water than the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes detected in the oils of C. argyrophylloides and C. sonderianus. This study showed that all species analyzed presented compounds with larvicidal properties, with differences between each plant parts.

Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils From Brazilian Croton Species Against Aedes Aegypti L

“…Plant powders can control insects by eroding the cuticle layer and causing dehydration (Kedia et al 2013); blocking the spiracles and causing asphyxiation (Denloye 2010); or impairing physiological processes by penetrating the insect body via the respiratory or alimentary system (Ofuya & Dawodu 2002). Plant powders of S. occidentalis caused significant mortality in C. maculatus (Adesina et al 2011), and insecticidal properties of A. pyrifolium (Torres et al 2006), C. sonderianus Lima et al 2006Lima et al , 2013, A. cearensis (Farias et al 2010;Souza et al 2011), and Z. joazeiro (Souza et al 2011) have been documented in different insect species. The repellent activities of Caatinga plant powders need further study although the repellency of many other plant powders against stored pests has been reported (Elhag 2000;Kéita et al 2001;Mazzonetto & Vendramin 2003;Silva-Aguayo et al 2005;Sanon et al 2006;Kabir & Muhammad 2010).…”

Alterações ultraestruturais em larvas de Aedes aegypti submetidas ao diterpeno labdano, isolado de Copaifera reticulata (Leguminosae), e à uma fração rica em taninos de Magonia pubescens (Sapindaceae)

“…Em busca de novas alternativas para o controle do Aedes aegypti, várias pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas no intuito de encontrar um inseticida eficaz com menor impacto ambiental [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] .…”

Análise de terpenóides de espécies de Croton sect. Lamprocroton (Mull. Arg.) Pax (Euphorbiaceae)

“…Na medicina popular é empregada como carminativa, estomáquica , antioxidante , antinociceptiva, sedativa, antiespasmódica e analgésica (Abdon et al, 2002). C. sonderianus, espécie comum no nordeste brasileiro e conhecida por "marmeleiro-preto" possui óleo volátil com atividades anti-inflamatória, antinociceptiva e gastoprotetora comprovadas, corroborando seu uso popular no tratamento de hemorragias uterinas, dores de estômago, processos inflamatórios (Amaral et al, 2004) e como larvicida (Lima et al, 2006). C. zehntneri arbusto nativo do nordeste brasileiro e bastante rico em estragol, apresenta um odor característico que lembra uma mistura de canela, cravo e erva-doce .…”

“…Em termos industriais, são utilizados em aromatizantes e perfumes (Buchanan et al, 2000). Em termos farmacológicos possuem uma grande gama de propriedades medicinais como antibacteriana (Suarez et al, 2005;Siminionato et al, 2007;, antisséptica, antihelmíntica, anti-inflamatória (Santos et al, 2005), anticâncer (Sylvestre et al, 2006;Compagnone et al, 2010), antinociceptiva (Abdon et al, 2002;Santos et al, 2005), antioxidante (Agnaniet et al, 2005;Morais et al, 2006;Simionatto et al, 2007;Mohamed et al, 2009), carminativa, expectorante, fungicida (Souza et al, 2006), gastoprotetora (Santos et al, 2005), inseticida , larvicida (Lima et al, 2006;Torres et al, 2008) e vasorrelaxante (Magalhães et al, 2008 Alguns monoterpenos são notavelmente diferenciados. Carvacrol, timol e ρ-cimeno são monoterpenos fenólicos.…”

“…Esta substância já foi descrita em C. sonderianus (Amaral et al, 2004), C. oligandrum (Agnaniet et al, 2006), C. zehntneri, C. nepetaefolius, C. argyrophylloides (Lima et al, 2006;, C. urucurana (Simionatto et al, 2007), C. palanostigma (Brasil et al, 2009) e C.zambesicus (Usman et al, 2009) sendo componente majoritário para C. oligandrum e C. sonderianus. Nas espécies estudadas o cineol foi detectado em altas concentrações em folhas de C. ericoides (24,15% do total identificado), C. dusenii (16,4%), C. linearifolius (26,87%) e C. muellerianus (23,87%) (Tabela 05).…”