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RESUMOA mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.), oleaginosa de relevante importância econômica e social no Nordeste, apresenta-se como alternativa para a produção do biodiesel. O experimento objetivou avaliar, em escala real, os aspectos produtivos da cultura da mamona irrigada com esgoto doméstico tratado. Empregou-se o sistema de microaspersão; a delimitação experimental foi de quatro repetições e quatro tratamentos: T1: água do poço e adubação recomendada; T2: esgoto doméstico tratado e adubação recomendada; T3: somente esgoto doméstico tratado e T4: esgoto doméstico tratado e metade da adubação recomendada. Verificou-se que as unidades irrigadas com esgoto tratado superaram as irrigadas com água, em quase todas as variáveis analisadas. A produtividade foi maior nos tratamentos irrigados com esgoto e adubação (T2) e (T4), alcançando produtividade de 1.986 e 1.412 kg ha -1 , respectivamente. O teor de óleo contido nas sementes foi analisado e não apresentou nenhuma diferença significativa entre os tratamentos com adubação (T1, T2 e T4), sendo que o tratamento com esgoto tratado (T3) forneceu baixíssimos teores de óleo na semente. Palavras-chave:Ricinus communis, reúso, biodiesel, produção Productivity of castor bean irrigated with treated domestic sewage ABSTRACTThe castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), an oil crop of economic and social importance for the Northeast region of Brazil, can be used for biodiesel production. The experiment aimed to evaluate, at a realistic scale, the productive aspects of the castor bean irrigated with treated sewage. Microsprinkler irrigation method was selected, and the experimental setup consisted of four repetitions and four different treatments: well water and recommended fertilization (T1); treated wastewater and recommended fertilization (T2); treated wastewater without external recommended fertilization (T3); and treated wastewater and half of recommended fertilization (T4). It was found that units irrigated with treated sewage exceeded the ones irrigated with well water in almost all variables. The highest productivities were in the treatments with wastewater and fertilization (T2) and wastewater and half of recommended fertilization (T4), reaching 1,986 and 1,412 kg ha -1 , respectively. The castor seeds oil content was also investigated, no significati difference among the treatments with recommended fertilization (T1, T2 and T4) was verified. The treatment tested with effluent without recommended fertilization (T3) provided very low oil content in the seeds.
RESUMOA mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.), oleaginosa de relevante importância econômica e social no Nordeste, apresenta-se como alternativa para a produção do biodiesel. O experimento objetivou avaliar, em escala real, os aspectos produtivos da cultura da mamona irrigada com esgoto doméstico tratado. Empregou-se o sistema de microaspersão; a delimitação experimental foi de quatro repetições e quatro tratamentos: T1: água do poço e adubação recomendada; T2: esgoto doméstico tratado e adubação recomendada; T3: somente esgoto doméstico tratado e T4: esgoto doméstico tratado e metade da adubação recomendada. Verificou-se que as unidades irrigadas com esgoto tratado superaram as irrigadas com água, em quase todas as variáveis analisadas. A produtividade foi maior nos tratamentos irrigados com esgoto e adubação (T2) e (T4), alcançando produtividade de 1.986 e 1.412 kg ha -1 , respectivamente. O teor de óleo contido nas sementes foi analisado e não apresentou nenhuma diferença significativa entre os tratamentos com adubação (T1, T2 e T4), sendo que o tratamento com esgoto tratado (T3) forneceu baixíssimos teores de óleo na semente. Palavras-chave:Ricinus communis, reúso, biodiesel, produção Productivity of castor bean irrigated with treated domestic sewage ABSTRACTThe castor bean (Ricinus communis L.), an oil crop of economic and social importance for the Northeast region of Brazil, can be used for biodiesel production. The experiment aimed to evaluate, at a realistic scale, the productive aspects of the castor bean irrigated with treated sewage. Microsprinkler irrigation method was selected, and the experimental setup consisted of four repetitions and four different treatments: well water and recommended fertilization (T1); treated wastewater and recommended fertilization (T2); treated wastewater without external recommended fertilization (T3); and treated wastewater and half of recommended fertilization (T4). It was found that units irrigated with treated sewage exceeded the ones irrigated with well water in almost all variables. The highest productivities were in the treatments with wastewater and fertilization (T2) and wastewater and half of recommended fertilization (T4), reaching 1,986 and 1,412 kg ha -1 , respectively. The castor seeds oil content was also investigated, no significati difference among the treatments with recommended fertilization (T1, T2 and T4) was verified. The treatment tested with effluent without recommended fertilization (T3) provided very low oil content in the seeds.
RESUMOAs agroindústrias figuram entre as maiores fontes poluidoras das águas no Brasil, em função da grande quantidade de resíduos produzidos, contendo substâncias orgânicas, nutrientes, sólidos, óleos e graxas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o efeito do lançamento de efluente de abate de bovinos sobre a qualidade da água do Córrego Jurubatuba, em Anápolis, GO. As amostras de efluente e a água foram obtidas em seis diferentes dias e em quatro posições, em relação ao ponto de lançamento: P1 -na saída do efluente tratado, antes do lançamento no córrego; P2 -50 m à montante do ponto de descarga; P3 -50 m à jusante do ponto de descarga e P4 -120 m à jusante do ponto de descarga. Analisaram-se as concentrações de OD, DBO, DQO, amônia, nitrito e nitrato. Os valores de DBO em todos os pontos de coleta no Córrego Jurubatuba foram superiores aos padrões descritos na Resolução do CONAMA nº 357/2005 para cursos de água da classe 2. O lançamento de efluente no Córrego Jurubatuba elevou os valores de DBO e DQO no ponto P3, enquanto no ponto P4 foi semelhante aos valores obtidos antes do lançamento de efluente. As concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido, amônia, nitrito e nitrato, não sofreram alterações significativas no córrego. Palavras-chave: DBO, autodepuração, corpo hídrico receptorWater quality of a stream under influence of cattle slaughter treated effluent ABSTRACT Agroindustrial systems are among the largest sources of water pollution in Brazil, due to the large amount of waste produced, containing organic substances, nutrients, solids, oils and fats. This study aimed to analyze the effect of release of cattle slaughter treated effluent on the water quality of the Jurubatuba Stream in the municipality of Anápolis, GO. The effluent and stream water samples were obtained at six different days and at four positions in relation to the point of discharge: P1 -the discharge of the treated wastewater, before launching it into the stream; P2 -upstream, 50 m away from the discharge point; P3 -downstream, 50 m away from the discharge point; and P4 -downstream, 120 m away from the discharge point. The concentrations of DO, BOD, COD, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were analyzed. The BOD values at all samphing points in the Jurubatuba Stream were higher than the described standards of CONAMA Resolution n°. 357/2005 for class 2 water bodies. The effluent launch in Jurubatuba Stream increased values of BOD and COD at point P3, while at point P4 values were similar to those obtained upstream the effluent release (P2). The concentrations of DO, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate did not change significantly in the stream.
R ESU M ENEl objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la producción de biomasa aérea, la eficiencia del uso de agua y el valor nutritivo de alfalfa cultivada aplicando riego con agua residual urbana, agua de perforación y un testigo (precipitaciones), en el Campus de la Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (Córdoba-Argentina). Los tratamientos de riego tuvieron un efecto positivo sobre la producción de biomasa aérea obteniéndose un 24% más de producción de biomasa que en la situación de secano (precipitaciones). Entre los tratamientos con riego también se manifestaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La alfalfa regada con aguas residuales urbana supero en un 19% a la cultivada con agua de perforación. La eficiencia del uso del agua por parte del cultivo se incrementó cuando el riego se realizó con aguas residuales urbanas. Además, se determinó que la alfalfa regada con agua residual, supera los valores nutritivos del cultivo que crece en condiciones sin riego; encontrándose 39% más de proteínas, 14% más de digestibilidad e igual porcentaje de energía metabólica. Se puede concluir que el agua residual urbana representa otra posible fuente de agua, factible de ingresar al suelo y estar a disposición para el cultivo de alfalfa. Palabras-clave: Medicago sativa L, tratamiento de agua, filtros verdes, biomasa, calidad ambientalThe cultivation of alfalfa using artesian well water, urban wastewater and rainfall A B ST R A C T The objective of this study was to analyse the production of alfalfa biomass, the efficiency of water use and the nutritional value of forage, inside an irrigation structure of an experimental facility that uses treated urban wastewater, artesian well water and rainfall, at the campus of the Universidad National de Rio Cuarto (Córdoba-Argentina). The irrigation treatment had a positive effect on the production of biomass of alfalfa. On an average 24% increase in production was observed when compared to dry-land farming. Regarding the quality of the irrigation water, statistical differences in production were observed, the irrigation with urban wastewater produced 19% more than that of well water. The efficiency of the water use by the crop increased when the irrigation was done using urban wastewater. The alfalfa irrigated with wastewater surpasses the nutritional values of the crop in normal field conditions: 39% more proteins, 14% more digestibility and equal percentage of metabolic energy. It is concluded that the urban wastewater represents possible water source for the alfalfa crop.
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