Diversity of Cerambycidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil using a new type of bait

Abstract

The Cerambycidae family (Insecta: Coleoptera) has approximately 38 thousand species. In Brazil, more than 4,300 species and 1,050 genera are registered, and despite the ecological and agricultural importance of this family, no study has yet been done in the Cerrado of the Distrito Federal (Brazil). The objective of this study was to evaluate the richness and abundance of Cerambycidae in the Cerrado area using two types of fruits (banana and pineapple), fermented with sugarcane juice, as bait and to verify whether the richness is influenced by climate variables. The work was carried out in an area of the cerrado sensu stricto at Água Limpa Farm in the Distrito Federal. Beetles were collected weekly using 40 bait traps with two types of fruits that remained in the field for 12 uninterrupted months (November 2013 to October 2014). The traps were installed 1.50 m above the ground level, distributed in four 80 m transects, and spaced 20 m apart. A total of 1,599 individuals, belonging to 13 genera and different 19 species, were collected. The main species were as follows: Oxymerus basalis (Dalman, 1823) representing 78.3%, Retrachydes thoracicus thoracicus (Olivier, 1790) representing 9.9%, and Chydarteres bicolor (Fabricius, 1787) representing 4.5% of the total specimens collected. There was a significant difference in richness and abundance of Cerambycidae among the baits evaluated, with the pineapple bait presenting the highest values. The greatest number of individuals and species occurred soon after the first rains, especially in November. Temporal variation was confirmed through Rayleigh’s uniformity test, following the seasonality of the Cerrado, with the greatest number of individuals and species found in the rainy season. Temperature and humidity influenced the richness of cerambycid beetles. This is the first work carried out with pineapple fermented with sugarcane juice as bait to capture Cerambycidae, and this type of bait proved to be efficient for the collection of insects, comparable in efficiency to the synthetic baits that are normally used. All species collected were new distribution records for the Distrito Federal (Brazil).

Vertical Stratification and Seasonal Dynamics of Coleoptera in Open Biotopes of Forest Ecosystems (Centre of European Russia)

“…It turned out that the largest number of individuals and species is observed shortly after the first rains, especially in November. The authors also noted that this type of bait proved to be effective for collecting insects, comparable in effectiveness to synthetic baits that are commonly used in such cases [79]. Similar studies can also be successfully carried out in temperate forests [70].…”

“…There are many publications in which the authors describe in detail the seasonal activity of many species and families [10,[75][76][77][78]. One publication estimates the seasonal dynamics of Cerambycidae abundance in the Cerrado of Distrito Federal (Brazil) when caught on fermented sugar cane juice with the addition of various fruits [79]. In fact, this fermenting liquid is similar to our bait.…”

Seasonality and distribution of Coleoptera families (Arthropoda, Insecta) in the Cerrado of Central Brazil

“…In the Cerrado biome, several studies have focused on specific Coleoptera families, for example, Bostrichidae and Curculionidae (Rocha et al, 2011), Cerambycidae (Evangelista et al, 2021), Cetoniidae (Evangelista Neto et al, 2018), Geotrupidae (Rodrigues and Puker, 2013), and Scarabaeidae (Almeida and Louzada, 2009;Nunes et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2020). Most of these studies have evaluated how anthropic impacts, such as urbanization (Correa et al, 2019a(Correa et al, , 2021Frizzas et al, 2020), habitat fragmentation (Pimenta and De Marco, 2015;Silva et al, 2020) and land use (Martello et al, 2016;Correa et al, 2019b;Oliveira et al, 2021), have affected the beetle community.…”

“…Most of these studies have evaluated how anthropic impacts, such as urbanization (Correa et al, 2019a(Correa et al, , 2021Frizzas et al, 2020), habitat fragmentation (Pimenta and De Marco, 2015;Silva et al, 2020) and land use (Martello et al, 2016;Correa et al, 2019b;Oliveira et al, 2021), have affected the beetle community. For most families, however, several knowledge gaps still exist, as a reflection of this, new species (Fernandes and Hamada, 2012;Vaz-de-Mello et al, 2020) and new species distribution (Gonçalves et al, 2020;Evangelista et al, 2021) are frequently recorded in the Cerrado. Our study, however, evaluated several Coleoptera families in the Cerrado throughout the year, allowing us to have an overview of the diversity and distribution of these families in native vegetation areas.…”

“…Coleoptera studies have used different sampling methods, for example light trap, pheromone, fermented bait, malaise trap, flight interception traps and pitfalls (Ganho and Marinoni, 2003;Silva et al, 2017a;Gonçalves et al, 2020;Puker et al, 2020;Evangelista et al, 2021;Oliveira et al, 2021), and more than one method is often used in a complementary way. However, since many Coleoptera are phototropic, light traps have been one of the main collection methods for studies aimed at evaluating adult diversity (Miyazaki and Dutra, 1995;Freitas et al, 2002;Jocque et al, 2016;Gonçalves et al, 2020).…”