Determinantes contextuais da coesão do sistema de crenças democrático: evidências a partir da América Latina

Fuks, Mikhail; Casalecchi, Gabriel Avila; Ribeiro, Ednaldo Aparecido

doi:10.1590/0103-335220192801

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Here we test two types of support for democracy: adherence to the regime and political institutions, and support for democratic principles 3 (Fuks et al, 2019). To analyze the first dimension, we present three linear models to estimate the effects of the most extreme form of antipartisanship.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipartisanship and political tolerance in Brazil

Fuks

Ribeiro

Borba

2020

Rev. Sociol. Polit.

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Introduction: This article propose to connect two research agendas on political behavior: studies on political tolerance and research on partisanship. Search, by connecting these two agendas, to assess the extent to which parties have become targets of political intolerance and thereby to assess the intensity of negative attitudes towards this central institution of democracy. Studies on partisanship conflicts in Brazil have focused on the antagonism opposing petismo and antipetismo. However, the 2018 elections have shown that Brazilians also adopt other forms of antipartisanship. Changes in patterns of political and electoral behavior in recent years can only be properly understood if we consider variation over time in the intensity and scope of antipartisan sentiment. We propose a typology where antipartisanship may be moderate or radical and may have a narrower or broader target. This theme is significant not only for interpreting Brazil’s current political context, but also for deepening understanding of theoretical and analytical questions. Our understanding is that these different types of antipartisanship are distinct phenomena with different effects. Materials and Methods: The data we use to construct the proposed typology and analyze the range and intensity of antipartisanship are derived from an unprecedented Latin America Public Opinion Project initiative to measure political tolerance in Brazil, in its 2017 edition. Our methodology combine variables of disaffection and political intolerance to construct different voter profiles, based on respondent’s attitudes towards unpopular groups, including political parties. After constructing the typology, we propose regression models to estimate the effects of each type on several attitudes, like support to democracy and institutional trust. Results: Our findings show a relationship between the most extreme types of antipartisanship and attitudes towards democracy. Compared with non-antipartisan voters, intolerant antipartisan are less supportive of democracy and democratic institutions and less favorable to freedom of expression and the granting of political rights to minorities. The intensity of antipartisanship matters more than its scope, since the models show that, there is little difference in the degree of commitment to democracy and democratic principles between the two types of intolerant antipartisans, regardless of the scope of the target of their disapproval. This means that attitudes toward democracy, democratic institutions, and democratic principles depend less on the scope antipartisanship, than on political intolerance towards these groups. Discussion: The data and results presented here indicate that antipartisanship is not a one-dimensional phenomenon. The individual is not merely antipartisan or non-antipartisan. We show that antipartisanship contains at least two dimensions: its scope and intensity. Previous studies have already shown the existence of different expressions of antipartisanship, but this diversity has not yet been systematically explored using a well-defined typology. Our work points to this research agenda.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipartisanship and political tolerance in Brazil

Fuks

Ribeiro

Borba

2020

Rev. Sociol. Polit.

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“…It is worth mentioning that, although the component of diffuse support encompasses variables of different natures, it follows the steps outlined by Inglehart & Welzel (2005) who proposed the creation of a similar index based on data from the World Values Survey in order to identify individuals who not only express strong support for democracy, but also register a high rejection of authoritarian forms of government. The need to work with such an index, which adds both a more classic measure of democracy support, subject to social desirability bias, and a more indirect measure of regime relativization, lies in combining a variety of possible measures to obtain greater robustness for a more abstract measurement of democratic adherence, such as done by other scholars for the Brazilian case when speaking of "non-ambivalent democrats", "democratic cohesion" or "solid democrats" (Moisés, 2008 ;Fuks et al, 2019;Mont'Alverne et al, 2023).…”

Section: State Dummiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of Covid-19 on support for democracy in Brazil: a panel study

Silva,

Turner

2023

Rev. Sociol. Polit.

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Introduction: While substantial shifts in political and social values typically evolve over generational timescales, exceptional disruptive events can occasionally prompt swift changes in societal attitudes. This article investigates the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced the level of democratic support among Brazilian citizens. Materials and methods: Our research employed a three-wave online longitudinal panel study (N = 1,301) to assess the attitudes of Brazilian citizens towards democracy at three distinct intervals throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Our research tool gauged various dimensions of democratic attitudes and inquired about the respondents' experiences with Covid-19 as well as of their close social circles. Utilizing a combination of propensity score matching and a difference-in-differences design, we estimated the causal effect of the Covid-19 experience on both “diffuse” and “specific” support for democracy. Findings: Our analysis revealed that exposure to the virus had limited overall impact on our measures of democratic support. However, we did identify some evidence indicating that severe exposure to Covid-19 had a negative effect on one dimension of democratic support, specifically, diffuse support. Discussion: Our findings underscore the resilience of deeply ingrained ideological beliefs and values. Despite being one of the most disruptive global events in recent history, the Covid-19 pandemic displayed only a modest influence on the foundations of democratic culture. While this suggests that concerns about the pandemic's impact on democratic attitudes may have been overstated, it remains crucial for social and political leaders to remain mindful of actively reinforcing and upholding democratic governance during the post-pandemic recovery phase.

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“…In this sense, the researches that discuss the ambivalent adhesion of the Brazilian population in relation to the democratic regime stand out, since it is possible to register a certain inconsistency between the statement that democracy would be the best form of government and the devaluation of practices and principles democratic (such as free elections, appreciation of the vote and different forms of political participation). The data show that economic development, the reduction of inequalities, the good functioning of the democratic regime and the longevity of the democratic experience are fundamental for the development of "democratic cohesion"; that is, the formation of a coherent democratic "belief system", in which attitudes and voting options converge to support democratic principles and values (GIMENES; BORBA, 2019; FUKS, CASALECCHI; RIBEIRO, 2019;FUKS et al, 2016).…”

Section: Political Behavior and Social Position Transmission Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generational Dynamics, Social Positions and Political Behavior

Tomizaki

Silva²

2021

Educ. Soc.

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RESUMO Apresentamos, neste artigo, uma discussão de caráter eminentemente teórico, com implicações metodológicas, a respeito da formação e da transformação de opiniões, comportamentos e atitudes políticas a partir dos processos de transmissão e herança de posições sociais, ao longo do curso da vida. Assim, os comportamentos políticos, constituídos em função de múltiplas variáveis, seriam também determinados pela realização ou frustração de projetos intergeracionais de transmissão e herança de posições sociais, o que é vivenciado de modo diverso nas diferentes etapas da vida. Para tanto, apoiamos-nos em uma discussão com autores(as) franceses(as), em especial, Pierre Bourdieu, Annick Percheron e Anne Muxel, bem como no diálogo com a produção bibliográfica brasileira da última década sobre o tema.

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Determinantes contextuais da coesão do sistema de crenças democrático: evidências a partir da América Latina

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Antipartisanship and political tolerance in Brazil

Antipartisanship and political tolerance in Brazil

Assessing the impact of Covid-19 on support for democracy in Brazil: a panel study

Generational Dynamics, Social Positions and Political Behavior

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