Orofacial Praxis Abilities in Children with Speech Disorders

Abstract

Introduction Phonological development occurs in a gradual manner until the age of 7 years. The phonological system is constructed in a similar way for all children, despite presenting some variations in terms of age, paths taken, or repair strategies used. Objective To compare the orofacial praxis abilities of children with typical phonological development (DFT), children with phonetic-phonological impairment (DFoFe), and children with phonological impairment (DF), using two tests to assess the orofacial praxis abilities. Methods The sample consisted of 82 subjects between 4 and 8 years of age who attended public schools (from preschool to the second year of secondary school) in the city of Santa Maria, Brazil. Of these, 29 were diagnosed with DFT, 29 with DF, and 24 with DFoFe; much of this sample was male. Two tests of praxis abilities and assessment of the stomatognathic system were administered. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, with a significance level of 5%. Results Generally children with DFoFe underperformed in tests of praxis when compared with subjects with DF and DFT. Conclusion The results showed that children with DFoFe have more difficulty in orofacial praxis abilities than subjects in the other groups studied. This result could be expected, because subjects with DFoFe show changes in both phonetic and phonological levels of speech.

Desempenho de crianças com distúrbios dos sons da fala no instrumento "Avaliação dinâmica das habilidades motoras da fala"

“…This result (26,28) was also found in this study, because the individuals with CAS had poorer performance in the DEMSS-BR.…”

“…Children with TSA presented better performance in instruments that evaluate speech and the articulation praxis (26,28) . This result (26,28) was also found in this study, because the individuals with CAS had poorer performance in the DEMSS-BR.…”

Status of orofacial musculature and articulation in children who stutter

“…Senzomotorna kontrola kod osoba koje mucaju (OKM) pokazuje duže vreme reakcije nego kod osoba koje ne mucaju (OKNM) -fluentan [20]. O uticaju i značaju oralne praksije na artikulaciju govore Bertagnoli i saradnici [21]. Grupa naših autora je konstatovala da deca koja mucaju, imaju značajno manje razvijene sposobnosti pravilne artikulacije glasova i manje razvijenu sposobnost oralno motorne kontrole, u odnosu na decu koja ne mucaju, uzrasta 5-7,5 godina [22].…”

The influence of the dynamics and the level of maturity of the cortical functions as a prerequisite for the development of speech in children

“…Parents and the environment often find that the child speaks well of a certain voice, not knowing that the visual presentation of this voice is not good and that for this reason the pronunciation of a certain voice is considered pathological [21,22]. This is due to ignorance of motor patterns that are necessary for the proper pronunciation of the given voice [23].…”