The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine led to the destruction of critical infrastructure, the termination of port operations in Ukraine, the disruption of regional logistics, the rise in fuel prices, and the increase in ship and cargo insurance costs. It contributed to the restriction of trade in the Black Sea region. The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine hinders trade and changes logistics in and throughout the Black Sea region. As a result, the search for alternative trade routes for Ukrainian goods quickly increased the demands on land and sea transport infrastructure and services. The work aims to identify trends in developing the main segments of the Ukrainian sea freight transportation market in current business conditions. To solve the tasks, the following methods were used: comparative analysis and grouping - in the study of general trends of the Ukrainian sea freight transportation market; systemic structural analysis - when studying the state and determining the prospects of tanker, container, and dry cargo transportation in Ukraine. An analysis of the general trends of the Ukrainian sea freight transport market was carried out. In addition, the state and prospects of tanker, container, and dry cargo transportation in Ukraine have been studied in detail. The tanker transportation sector was the most affected. Tanker transportation in Ukraine was suspended. Shipping companies engaged in the transportation of containers have stopped work in Ukrainian seaports. At the same time, a slight increase in the volume of container transportation was observed in the ports of countries bordering Ukraine. The complete blockade of Ukrainian seaports and the destruction and damage of infrastructure facilities made it impossible for dry cargo ships to reach Ukrainian ports. With Ukrainian seaports blocked and port operations suspended, grain exports from Ukraine were limited to shipments through western borders, rail, and small ports. The issue was partially resolved only within the framework of signing documents regarding the implementation of the Initiative on the safe transportation of agricultural products from three Ukrainian ports. The article outlines the critical factors in developing the maritime cargo transportation market in Ukraine during the post-war period of economic development.
Introduction. In order to function successfully in the market, the water transport business entities, in addition to material and financial resources, need the utilization of their internal unique capabilities in the existing business environment, which determine the competitive potential.Problem Statement. The successful operation and development of water transport requires the development of a scientific approach to utilizing its competitive potential in the country’s economic security system.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to form a conceptual model of the utilization of competitive potential of water transport in the economic security system of the Black Sea region.Material and Methods. We have used the following methods: system structural, abstract logical analysis, grouping, and economic mathematical modeling, for studying the essence and structure of the competitive potential of water transport, for assessing its utilization in security system of the Black Sea region.Results. The essence of the category “competitive potential of water transport” has been determined. The structure of the competitive potential of water transport has been studied, and the conceptual model of its use in the economic security system has been developed. Based on the proposed conceptual model, the utilization of the competitive potential of water transport in the economic security system has been assessed by the example of the Black Sea region.Conclusions. In order to enhance the competitive potential of water transport of Ukraine and the level of its utilization, in the context of economic security, it has been proposed to stimulate an increase in the number of ship calls to the ports of Ukraine and the number of Ukraine-flagged vessels belonging to domestic businesses and to create favorable conditions for the development of the shipbuilding industry of Ukraine.
One of the main drivers of economic growth or development is foreign trade. About 85 percent of the total volume of world trade is transported by sea. In today's economy, ports play a much more significant role than simply serving passengers and handling cargo along the quays. In this sense, ports equipped to perform transport and forwarding operations, serve cargo ships and passengers, and carry out other related economic activities, play an essential role in transporting goods. Since the action of ports, directly and indirectly, affects the state of local and regional transport and logistics systems, they become potential centers of coordination of competitive strategies. The work aims to identify the relationship between the profitability of water transport enterprises and the quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine. The following methods were used to solve the tasks: system-structural, abstract-logical analysis and grouping – when researching the level of quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine; calculation and analytical – when analyzing the level of profitability of water transport enterprises of Ukraine; economic-mathematical modeling – when constructing the dependence of the profitability of Ukrainian water transport enterprises on the level of quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine. The article examines the level of quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine. An analysis of the profitability level of Ukraine's water transport enterprises was carried out. The dependence of the profitability of Ukrainian water transport enterprises on the quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine is constructed. This dependence was recorded mathematically and presented graphically. We investigated the density of the connection between the profitability of Ukrainian water transport enterprises and the quality of port infrastructure in Ukraine. To check the quality of the built model, we calculated key indicators and conducted several special tests. To increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian water transport on the international and cabotage transportation market in the post-war recovery period, the article develops recommendations for constructing a new state-of-the-art port infrastructure based on the principle of "better than before".
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