The aim of this study was to analyse the possibilities of improving the ecological parameters of compression-ignition CI engines. During the analysis of exhaust gas, attention was mainly paid to the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon black soot. A method was proposed to reduce the above chemical elements in CI-engine exhaust fumes by using the annular channels on the non-working part of the fuel injector needle and applying a platinum catalyst on them. The task of these annular channels is to mix and agitate the fuel before injection to the combustion chamber and to enlarge the contact surface area of catalyst. The task of catalytic coating is to initiate the reaction of dehydrogenation of paraffinic hydrocarbons to olefinic ones with a free hydrogen molecule. Hydrogen, owing to its properties, can shorten the period of delay of spontaneous ignition of combustible mixture in the engine combustion chamber, which affects the entire combustion process and improves the ecological parameters of a CI engine.
This article presents a theoretical analysis of the use of spiral-elliptical ducts in the atomizer of a modern fuel injector. The parameters of the injected fuel stream can be divided into quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative parameter is the injection dose amount, and the qualitative parameter is characterized by the stream of injected fuel (width, atomization, opening angle, and range). The purpose of atomizer modification is to cause additional flow turbulence, which may affect the stream parameters and improve the combustion process of the combustible mixture in a diesel engine. The spiral-elliptical ducts discussed here could be used in engines powered by vegetable fuels. The stream of such fuels has worse quality parameters than conventional fuels, due to their higher viscosity and density. The proposal to use spiral-elliptical ducts is an innovative idea for diesel engines.
Article describes diagnose and research methods Common Rail system fuel injectors. Professional diagnose modern fuel injectors is very difficult procedure. Basic theirs work parameter influencing on correctly work parameters are magnitude injection and return dosages by definite pressures prevailing in system and injection times. Sometimes dosages during diagnose by coordinate task and actual fuel injector are correct but engine work is not proper. So that during diagnose should extend tests procedure in range varies work conditions. Fuel injectors work characteristics are one of method researching in whole range work. During researches has been used Continental fuel injector.
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