Evaluation of the Losses of Hydrogen-Containing Gases in the Process of Wear of Pistons of an Internal-Combustion Engine

Balyts’kyi, O. I.; Abramek, K. F.; Mruzik, M.; Stoeck, T.; Osipowicz, Т.

doi:10.1007/s11003-017-0074-y

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…However, none of the works mention how to avoid sediment on the bottom of the engine cooling channel of "light" nanoparticles under the action of inertial and gravitational forces. The main questions addressed in the article are the following: factors influencing the thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluids (including very high value in pure hydrogen or hydrogen containing); boiling of liquid in the cooling jacket of the engine cylinder head; behavior of nanoparticles and devices with nanoparticles in the engine cylinder head cooling system; the discussion of the results , taking into account degradation of modern structural materials under the hydrogen containing environment influence [2,24,32,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]63,118,175,176].…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Containing Nanofluids in the Spark Engine’s Cylinder Head Cooling System

et al. 2021

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The article is devoted to the following issues: boiling of fluid in the cooling jacket of the engine cylinder head; agents that influenced the thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluids; behavior of nanoparticles and devices with nanoparticles in the engine’s cylinder head cooling system. The permissible temperature level of internal combustion engines is ensured by intensification of heat transfer in cooling systems due to the change of coolants with “light” and “heavy” nanoparticles. It was established that the introduction of “light” nanoparticles of aluminum oxide into the water in a mass concentration of 0.75% led to an increase in its thermal conductivity coefficient by 60% compared to the base fluid at a coolant temperature of 90 °C, which corresponds to the operating temperature of the engine cooling systems. At the indicated temperature, the base fluid has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.545 W/(m °С), for nanofluid with particles its value was 0.872 . At the same time, a positive change in the parameters of the nanofluid in the engine cooling system was noted: the average movement speed increased from 0.2 to 2.0 m/s; the average temperature is in the range of 60–90 °C; heat flux density 2 × 102–2 × 106 ; heat transfer coefficient 150–1000 . Growth of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the cooling nanofluid was achieved. This increase is determined by the change in the mass concentration of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in the base fluid. This will make it possible to create coolants with such thermophysical characteristics that are required to ensure intensive heat transfer in cooling systems of engines with various capacities.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Containing Nanofluids in the Spark Engine’s Cylinder Head Cooling System

et al. 2021

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“…These operating conditions lead to the thermomechanical destruction of fuel and oil combustion products by forming free (external) hydrogen and its subsequent adsorption by the rubbing surfaces. The periodic occurrence of alternating stress waves (tension-compression) enhances the saturation of near-surface metal volumes by hydrogen during friction and cavitation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], and these phenomena using experimental equipment [1,2].…”

Section: Introduction State Of the Art And Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained results show that the piston rings of D-50, D-240, ZMZ-24, CC-10UD, and other engines are mainly subjected to both technological and operational hydrogen saturation, causing their embrittlement. This process contributes to intensive wear [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Authors [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have analyzed the features of hydrogen wear of construction machine parts.…”

Section: Introduction State Of the Art And Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance of Spark Ignition Engine Piston Rings in Hydrogen-Containing Environments

et al. 2021

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We describe the external and internal hydrogen iInteraction on contacting surfaces in the “cylinder–piston rings” friction coupling. Under the influence of high temperatures and pressure, the oil in the combustion chamber at a temperature up to 1473 K decomposes and forms small amounts of water. External hydrogen (H2) is subsequently formed. Hydrogen removal from the piston rings reduces the heterogeneity of the structure, residual stresses, and uneven physical and chemical properties of the near-surface layers, which reduces the stress concentration and, as a consequence, results in an improvement in the performance characteristics of the surface layers of the friction couple “cylinder-piston rings” of the spark ignition engine.

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“…Figure 1 shows a flow chart of method. Crankshaft speed [18,19,20] plays an important role in identifying the pressure as well as other applications, especially in misfire detection [21]. Instantaneous speed fluctuations [22], crankshaft segment acceleration, and transient rotational speed are the most widely utilized variables to locate misfire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Virtual In-Cylinder Pressure Sensor Based on EKF and Frequency-Amplitude-Modulation Fourier-Series Method

Wang

Sun

et al. 2019

Sensors

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As a crucial and critical factor in monitoring the internal state of an engine, cylinder pressure is mainly used to monitor the burning efficiency, to detect engine faults, and to compute engine dynamics. Although the intrusive type cylinder pressure sensor has been greatly improved, it has been criticized by researchers for high cost, low reliability and short life due to severe working environments. Therefore, aimed at low-cost, real-time, non-invasive, and high-accuracy, this paper presents the cylinder pressure identification method also called a virtual cylinder pressure sensor, involving Frequency-Amplitude Modulated Fourier Series (FAMFS) and Extended-Kalman-Filter-optimized (EKF) engine model. This paper establishes an iterative speed model based on burning theory and Law of energy Conservation. Efficiency coefficient is used to represent operating state of engine from fuel to motion. The iterative speed model associated with the throttle opening value and the crankshaft load. The EKF is used to estimate the optimal output of this iteration model. The optimal output of the speed iteration model is utilized to separately compute the frequency and amplitude of the cylinder pressure cycle-to-cycle. A standard engine’s working cycle, identified by the 24th order Fourier series, is determined. Using frequency and amplitude obtained from the iteration model to modulate the Fourier series yields a complete pressure model. A commercial engine (EA211) provided by the China FAW Group corporate R&D center is used to verify the method. Test results show that this novel method possesses high accuracy and real-time capability, with an error percentage for speed below 9.6% and the cumulative error percentage of cylinder pressure less than 1.8% when A/F Ratio coefficient is setup at 0.85. Error percentage for speed below 1.7% and the cumulative error percentage of cylinder pressure no more than 1.4% when A/F Ratio coefficient is setup at 0.95. Thus, the novel method’s accuracy and feasibility are verified.

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Evaluation of the Losses of Hydrogen-Containing Gases in the Process of Wear of Pistons of an Internal-Combustion Engine

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Hydrogen Containing Nanofluids in the Spark Engine’s Cylinder Head Cooling System

Hydrogen Containing Nanofluids in the Spark Engine’s Cylinder Head Cooling System

Wear Resistance of Spark Ignition Engine Piston Rings in Hydrogen-Containing Environments

A Virtual In-Cylinder Pressure Sensor Based on EKF and Frequency-Amplitude-Modulation Fourier-Series Method

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