The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cytokines in light of recently discovered aspects of acne immunopathogenesis. Materials and Methods:The study included 276 patients aged between 16 to 44 years with various forms of acne vulgaris. Severe manifestations of the disease were identified in 126/45.6% patients; disease lasted 1 to 5 years in 157/56.9% patients. The serum levels of cytokines were determined by ELISA using standard kits. The cells were characterized using flow cytometry.Results: The obtained data on an excessive secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-2) and VEGF on the background of decreasing the content of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) indicate an insufficient activity of antiinflammatory immune response. It was concluded that acne is a model of chronic immunodeficiency inflammatory dermatoses with the activation of innate immunity and the subsequent development of the adaptive T-cell immune response. (Int J Biomed. 2017;7(1):37-40.)
Atypical mononuclear cells (AM) appear in significant numbers in peripheral blood of patients with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM). We have investigated the number and lineage-specific clusters of differentiation (CD) expression of the atypical mononuclear cells in 110 children with IM using the anti-CD antibody microarray for panning the leukocytes by their surface markers prior to morphology examination. We show that AM population consists primarily of CD8+ T-cells with a small fraction (0-2% of all lymphocytes) of CD19+ B-lymphocytes. The AM amount in children with mononucleosis caused by primary EBV infection was significantly higher than for IM caused by EBV reactivation or other viruses and constituted 1-53% from all peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to 0-11% and 0-8% respectively. The children failing to recover from classic IM associated with primary EBV infection in 6 months were found to have significantly lower percentage of CD8+ AM compared to the patients with normal recovery rate.
В статье отражены изменения как клеточного, так и гуморального звеньев иммунитета при ротавирусной инфекции, а также показана корреляция между степенью выраженности иммунологических нарушений и особенностями клинического течения заболевания в детском возрасте. Наиболее значительные изменения цитокинового статуса связаны с повышением интерлейкина-1, который является маркером интоксикации. Кроме того, при ротавирусной инфекции у детей снижается уровень индуцированных интерферонов и , что служит обоснованием применения 2b-интерферона, входящего в состав препарата ВИФЕРОН ® , содержащего также антиоксиданты витамины Е и С. Назначение препарата ВИФЕРОН ® наряду с базисной терапией, включающей пробиотические штаммы ВВ12 и LGG, в комплекс лечебных мероприятий у детей с ротавирусной инфекцией позволяет улучшить динамику клинико-иммунологических показателей, а также сократить в 1,5 раза количество случаев ОРВИ в течение 6 месяцев катамнестического наблюдения после острого периода заболевания.
Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, the article presents the features of infectious mononucleosis caused by the main pathogens from the Herpesviridae family, course of the disease at various phases of the infectious process. The article identifies clinical and laboratory manifestations characteristic of each pathogen. The authors discuss the issues related to the lack of the unified terminology for describing chronic herpes virus infection. The article discusses the causes of persistent herpes virus infections, risk factors for the adverse course and outcome of herpes virus infections.
Objective. To assess the association between clinical and laboratory characteristics of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and disease etiology and phase of infection. Patients and methods. This prospective observational study was conducted at Z.A.Bashlyaeva Children's City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department and included 107 children with IM. Laboratory testing was performed at the Department of Virological Diagnostics, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Results. IM is a polyetiologic disease. So far, researchers have failed to find a significant correlation between clinical manifestations of IM and its etiology and phase of infection. Patients with IM caused by primary monoinfection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) are at high risk of developing chronic EBV infection. Neutrophilia is a typical laboratory sign of IM during the acute phase of it. Conclusion. The improvement of IM diagnosis with a detailed evaluation of clinical and laboratory criteria, as well as risk assessment of unfavorable outcome are currently impossible without the identification of both disease etiology and phase of infection. Key words: human herpes virus VI, Epstein–Barr virus, children, infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus
Purpose: to justify the need to use at least two methods (direct and indirect) for reliable laboratory decoding of infectious mononucleosis. Materials and methods. We observed 107 children with infectious mononucleosis. Deciphering the etiology was carried out using ELISA (We determined IgM VCA-EBV, IgG EA-EBV, IgG EBNA-EBV, IgM CMV, IgG CMV in serum) and PCR (We determined investigated viral DNA (EBV, CMV, HHV 6) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Results: In the structure of infectious mononucleosis, EBV remains the leading infection: 82 children (76.6%). In case of reactivated EBV infection, the isolated use of the ELISA method does not limit the possibility of interpreting the results without additional evaluation of the test results by PCR. A significantly level of viral DNA concentration in the examined children has not been established. The detection frequencies of EBV DNA and HHV 6 DNA by PCR are not mutually independent (p < 0.001). Detection of one of the viruses reduces the chance of detecting another virus (OR = 0.133; 95% CI from 0.0537 to 0.3273, p < 0.0001).
Background: The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial, and it was traditionally believed that four different processes play a decisive role in the development of the disease: the increased production of sebum, changes in keratinization processes leading to the formation of comedones, bacterial colonization of hair follicles by Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes; formerly called Propionibacterium acnes), and synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators in the pilosebaceous unit. The role of genetic factors in the development of acne has been repeatedly discussed and continues to be the subject of discussion among scientists. The currently available data from various studies on genetic associations in acne are contradictory, which makes it relevant to address the problem of searching and analyzing the molecular mechanisms of the influence of regulatory genes in the pathogenesis of acne. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze SNPs in the regulatory genes (GATA1, GATA2, GATA2-AS1 [GATA2 Antisense RNA 1], NFKB2, NFKBIA, and NFKB1) in patients with severe acne. Methods and Results: A prospective, open, non-randomized, single-center comparative study was conducted between 2017-2020. The study included 50 (29 men and 21 women) patients (the main group [MG]) with severe acne aged from 15 to 46 years (the median age of 23.2 years) and 20 (13 men and 7 women) apparently healthy individuals (the comparison group [CG]) aged from 16 to 40 years (the median age of 19.4 years). Molecular genetic diagnostics was performed using high-throughput DNA sequencing—next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results of our study made it possible to identify SNPs in regulatory genes (GATA1, GATA2, GATA2-AS1 [GATA2 Antisense RNA 1], NFKB2, NFKBIA, and NFKB1) associated with the development of severe acne. Conclusion: The revealed SNPs within the GATA1, GATA2, GATA2-AS1 [GATA2 Antisense RNA 1], NFKB2, NFKBIA, and NFKB1 genes in patients with severe acne probably indicate the involvement of regulatory transcription factors in the pathogenesis of acne.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the combination of infections caused by SARS-Cov-2 and M. rheimopiae is the subject of increased attention of clinicians. This article presents an observation of 37 children with COVID-19 in combination with respiratory mycoplasmosis (RM), the purpose of which was to identify the features of the course of combined infections compared with monoinfections. According to the results of the study, the similarity of the clinical picture of upper and lower respiratory tract lesions in the groups of combined infections and monoinfection COVID-19 was reliably established, which requires updating the examination and treatment plan in the study cohort of children.
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