Clinical relevance of virological verification methods for the etiology of infectious mononucleosis

Демина, О. И.; Tikhomirov, D. S.; Чеботарёва, Т. А.; Мазанкова, Л. Н.; Tupoleva, T. A.

doi:10.22627/2072-8107-2020-19-2-29-37

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Вместе в тем в России до сих пор не организована система надзора и контро ля за ней. Единственной возможностью слежения за динамическими проявлениями эпидемического процесса данной инфекции остается статистиче ский учет и регистрация клинического синдрома инфекционного мононуклеоза, который, по послед ним данным, этиологически чаще всего связан с ВЭБ [6]. Результаты статистического мониторинга свидетельствуют о том, что в России инфекционный мононуклеоз занимает шестую позицию в рейтинге экономического ущерба, наносимого инфекцион ной патологией (без туберкулеза и ВИЧинфекции), а заболеваемость населения на протяжении по следних лет характеризуется неуклонным ро стом [7].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Scientific Substantiation of the Creation and Prospects for the Development of an Epidemiological Surveillance System for Infection Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus

Solomay

Симонова

Semenenko

2022

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

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Relevance. At the present stage, the Russian Federation does not have a coherent system of supervision and control of infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), while there is an epidemiological problem with this pathology, requiring the development and adoption of a set of adequate management decisions. The goal is to scientifically substantiate the creation of an epidemiological surveillance system (ES) for EBV -infection in Russia. Materials and methods. Based on the results of previous studies, an assessment of the manifestations of the epidemic process of EBV infection and measures aimed at each of its links was carried out. Results. The structure and content of the system of epidemiological surveillance of EBV infection are presented. Conclusion. To implement and improve the effectiveness of EBV-infection control, it is necessary to adjust existing and develop new regulatory and methodological documents that allow introducing: a standard definition of the case of EBV-infection and new approaches to accounting and registration; studies of nasopharyngeal smear material for the presence of EBV genetic material as part of the monitoring of influenza and ARVI pathogens; algorithms for the examination of patients with diagnoses that do not exclude the presence of active EBV-infection, as well as organ, tissue and cell donors with the determination of a complex of nonspecific immunological markers (neopterin, melatonin, C-reactive protein, ALT); standard operating procedures for medical professionals for the identification and isolation of patients with active EBV-infection, clinical and laboratory diagnostics, registration and accounting, the use of personal protective equipment and nonspecific immunoprophylaxis. Also, improving the control of EBVinfection is impossible without continuing scientific research; professional training of medical workers on the clinic, diagnosis, epidemiology and prevention of EBV-infection; development of modern visual methods and means of informing the population about the clinic and prevention of EBV-infection.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Scientific Substantiation of the Creation and Prospects for the Development of an Epidemiological Surveillance System for Infection Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus

Solomay

Симонова

Semenenko

2022

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

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Methodological approaches to differential detection of EBV1/EBV2 and HHV6A/HHV6B in saliva

Попкова

Уткин

Bryzgalova

et al. 2022

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) and human herpesviruses 6A and 6B (HHV6A and HHV6B) are ubiquitous, infecting representatives of all social groups, starting from early childhood. Currently, information on the genetic heterogeneity of EBV, even at the level of the main types (EBV1 and EBV2), as well as HHV6A and HHV6B, their prevalence and clinical significance are limited mainly by foreign data. In Russia, there are not so many publications devoted to this issue. In this case, the objects of study are mainly plasma and leukocytes of peripheral blood, scrapings or swabs from the oropharynx are used much less often. Saliva is the main factor in the transmission and spread of EBV and HHV6A/B infections. Saliva testing is an affordable, inexpensive, and non-invasive method for detecting viral DNA. The purpose of this work is to improve the methodological base for differential detection of HHV6A/HHV6B and the main types of EBV in saliva. The material for the study was unstimulated mixed saliva of children aged 117 years with acute infectious mononucleosis (n = 22) and no clinical symptoms of this disease (n = 26), as well as conditionally healthy adults (n = 9). Samples were collected once and dynamically (daily for 14 days). The detection and quantification of EBV DNA and HHV6A/B DNA was performed using real-time PCR. For the differential determination of EBV1/EBV2 and HHV6A/HHV6B, an optimized one-round PCR variant with electrophoretic detection of amplification products in an agarose gel was used. Statistical data processing was carried out using the R programming language and the RStudio environment. According to the results of our own research, the frequency of detection of EBV, HHV6A/B and EBV+HHV6A/B DNA in acute infectious mononucleosis was 95, 91 and 86%, and among conventionally healthy children 69, 85 and 61.5%, respectively. It was found that among the examined children of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, EBV1 and HHV6B prevail in the viral population, which is consistent with existing ideas about their geographical distribution in the adjacent territories. EBV2 and HHV6A were not detected in any of the examined saliva samples. According to the results of 14-day dynamic monitoring of saliva virus secretion in healthy virus carriers (adults and children), it was shown that a single EBV DNA study does not allow to reliably assess the infection of individuals or the intensity of EBV secretion. In this case, HHV6A/B is characterized by a more constant and uniform release. The methodological approach optimized in this work makes it possible to separately detect EBV1/EBV2 and HHV6A/HHV6B according to a single laboratory protocol, and in combination with an additional stage of saliva sample preparation increases the diagnostic sensitivity of PCR analysis, minimizes the proportion of discordant and false negative results. Such an integrated approach can be applied for diagnostic, epidemiological and research purposes.

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Molecular genetic characterization of the epstein–Barr Virus: a relationship with the clinical features of pediatric infectious mononucleosis

Popkova,

Utkin,

Filatova

et al. 2023

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

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Introduction. Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an high priority viral infection in children. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the main etiological agent of IM. EBV is classified into two main types EBV-1 and EBV-2. In addition, different variants of the virus are isolated based on individual genes, among which the LMP-1 gene and the oncoprotein it encodes are the most well known. So far, the study of the clinical significance of EBV genetic diversity in EBV-IM in children in Russia has not been conducted. The aim of the study was to evaluate a relationship between EBV LMP-1 molecular genetic variants and clinical and laboratory manifestations of IM in children. Materials and methods. The material of the study was presented by blood leukocyte and saliva samples of children aged 117 years with EBV-IM (n = 69). A total of 132 EBV isolates were studied. For differential detection of EBV-1/EBV-2, we used a previously optimized one-round PCR variant with electrophoretic detection of amplification products in agarose gel. The nucleotide sequences of the C-terminal region of the LMP-1 gene were determined by Sanger sequencing followed by analysis of the obtained sequences using the MEGA X software. Multiple Factor Analysis was used to search for the relationship between LMP-1 variants and clinical and laboratory manifestations of IM (32 signs and 8 groups of signs). Results. It was established that only one type of virus, EBV-1, was identified in all children. At the same time, the severity of clinical manifestations of EBV-IM in children varied significantly (from 15.5 to 35.5 scores in total). Molecular genetic analysis of the sequences of the LMP-1 C-terminal region in Nizhny Novgorod region EBV isolates demonstrated a significant heterogeneity of the viral population, which was not limited only to their grouping according to known variants. According to the frequency of detection, B95-8 was the dominant variant of LMP-1 (60.66.0% of cases), other variants were less common (China 1, NC, Med and China 1+В95-8). It was found that EBV-IM proceeded more easily and with less severity of the intoxication syndrome in cases of infection with a virus having the molecular genetic profile of EBV-1/B95-8, in particular EBV-1/B95-8/E214D. Conversely, EBV-1/Med, as well as EBV-1/Med/L338S, EBV-1/Med/S229T, EBV-1/China 1/L338S and EBV-1/NC/S229T profiles were associated with more severe infection. Conclusion. For the first time, the influence of the genetic diversity of EBV on the clinical manifestations of IM in children was revealed. In the context of the tasks to be solved in this study, it is necessary to conduct a larger-scale and systemic studies in different territories of Russia.

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Clinical relevance of virological verification methods for the etiology of infectious mononucleosis

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Scientific Substantiation of the Creation and Prospects for the Development of an Epidemiological Surveillance System for Infection Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus

Scientific Substantiation of the Creation and Prospects for the Development of an Epidemiological Surveillance System for Infection Caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus

Methodological approaches to differential detection of EBV1/EBV2 and HHV6A/HHV6B in saliva

Molecular genetic characterization of the epstein–Barr Virus: a relationship with the clinical features of pediatric infectious mononucleosis

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