This work research object was fat systems interesterification biotechnology using the Lipozyme TL IM immobilized enzyme preparation. The problem of enzyme preparation activation by moistening with sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution with 7.4 ... 7.7 (3 % wt.) pH was solved in the work. The obtained results made it possible to minimize the interesterification process duration with high-quality product obtaining. The proposed enzyme preparation processing made it possible to reduce the duration of the biointeresterification process in a model fat mixture (palm stearin, coconut and soybean oils in a ratio of 1:1:1, respectively) to 3.5...3.7 hours. The product with high quality indicators, namely up to 0.26 mg KOH/g acid number, up to 0.60 mmol ½ O/kg peroxide number and 1.70 c.u. anisidine number, was obtained as a result. The obtained data can be explained by a fact that effective biocatalysis with lipolytic enzymes as the protein molecules requires the existence of two phases – lipid and water. This fact was provided by the activation parameters justified in the study. The obtained results feature was possibility of enzyme preparation activation, which is not provided under industrial conditions due to the threat of raw materials and finished products hydrolytic processes, which leads to the finished product quality deterioration. The research results made it possible to minimize hydrolytic processes in fat system during interesterification with simultaneous process efficiency increase. From a practical point of view, the discovered activation mechanism made it possible to adjust the enzyme preparation processing conditions in fat systems interesterification technology. The applied aspect of scientific result using was the possibility of improving the typical technological process of fat interesterification
The health condition of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) stands in Ukraine has become worse since 2006. Firstly, in 2011 an alien invasive pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus was identified in the eastern part of the country and, subsequently, its presence was confirmed in the western and central parts. The aims of our research were to evaluate the health of ash trees and identify the main causes of ash decline in different regions of Ukraine with emphasis on ash dieback and its association with collar rots. Results showed that since 2013 the number of trees with ash dieback symptoms has been gradually increasing, reaching up to 92 % in 2018. Total mortality due to ash dieback was up to 9 % in 2018. Disease intensity remains high in northern and central Ukraine comparing with the east. Branch dieback, collar rots, epicormic shoots and bacterial disease of ash occurred more often in the eastern region, some symptoms were observed simultaneously. Ash bark beetle galleries, as well as foliage browsing insects, were found mostly in weakened and/or dying trees. It was indicated that collar rots significantly increase the mortality of ash trees. Armillaria spp. fungi were found to be frequently associated with ash dieback on living stems and fallen trees in 2017, causing high rates of mortality in the northern and central regions. For further ash conservation and breeding programmes, resistant trees in severely damaged regions should be selected to preserve genetic diversity in ash populations. Keywords: Fraxinus excelsior, ash dieback, collar rot, bacterial disease, epicormic shoots, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, Armillaria spp.
Ìåòà. Îö³íêà õàðàêòåðó óðàaeåííÿ êîðîíàðíîãî ðóñëà ïðè íå Q-³íôàðêò³ ì³îêàðäà â çàëåaeíîñò³ â³ä ãåíäåðíî-â³êîâèõ â³äì³ííîñòåé ³ âèçíà÷åííÿ êîðåëÿö³éíèõ çâ'ÿçê³â ì³ae öèìè ïîðóøåííÿìè òà ³íøèìè êë³í³êî-³íñòðóìåíòàëüíèìè ïàðàìåòðàìè. Ìàòåð³àë ³ ìåòîäè. Îáñòåaeåíî 40 ïàö³ºíò³â (62,5% ÷î-ëîâ³êè) ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà â³êîì â³ä 52 äî 79 (â ñåðåäíüîìó 67,1±1,4) ðîê³â çà ïåð³îä 2011-2016 ðð. Óñ³ì õâîðèì ïðîòÿãîì â³ä 1 äî 70 (â ñåðåäíüîìó 19,4±3,0) ãîäèí ç ìîìåíòó íàäõîäaeåííÿ â ñòàö³îíàð áóëà ïðîâåäåíà êî-ðîíàðî´ðàô³ÿ íà àïàðàò³ SIEMENS Axiom Artis (ͳìå÷-÷èíà). Ïàö³ºíòè ïðîéøëè îáñòåaeåííÿ çã³äíî ïðîòîêîëó, ÿêèé â³äïîâ³äຠðåêîìåíäàö³ÿì Àñîö³àö³¿ êàðä³îëî´³â Óêðà¿íè ùîäî ä³à´íîñòèêè òà ë³êóâàííÿ ãîñòðîãî ³íôàðêòó ì³îêàðäà (2016) ç âèçíà÷åííÿì çàãàëüíîïðèéíÿòèõ êë³í³êî-ëàáîðàòîðíèõ òà ³íñòðóìåíòàëüíèõ ïîêàç-íèê³â. Ñòàòèñòè÷íó îáðîáêó ðåçóëüòàò³â äîñë³äaeåííÿ ïðîâåäåíî çà äîïîìîãîþ íåïàðàìåòðè÷íèõ ìåòîä³â âà-ð³àö³éíî¿ ñòàòèñòèêè. Äîñòîâ³ðí³ñòü ð³çíèö³ ì³ae ê³ëü-ê³ñíèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè ðîçðàõîâàíî çà Mann-Whitney U test ³ ÿê³ñíèìè -çà êðèòåð³ºì χ 2 . Íàÿâí³ñòü çâ'ÿçê³â ì³ae ïîêàçíèêàìè âèçíà÷åíî çà ðàíãîâèì êîðåëÿö³éíèì àíàë³çîì Ñï³ðìåíà (Spearman Rank Order Correlations). Ðåçóëüòàòè é îáãîâîðåííÿ. Àíàë³ç äàíèõ êîðîíàðî´ðàô³¿ ñâ³ä÷èâ ïðî äîâîë³ ñóòòºâ³ ñòðóêòóðí³ çì³íè êîðîíàðíèõ àðòåð³é â ïàö³ºíò³â ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà ïðè â³ä-ñóòíîñò³ äîñòîâ³ðíèõ ãåíäåðíèõ â³äì³ííîñòåé â õàðàê-òåð³ àíàòîì³÷íîãî óðàaeåííÿ êîðîíàðíèõ àðòåð³é.  ãðó-ï³ õâîðèõ ñòàðøèõ 70-è ðîê³â, íà â³äì³íó â³ä á³ëüø ìîëîäèõ ïàö³ºíò³â, ñïîñòåð³ãàëè äîñòîâ³ðíå çá³ëüøåííÿ ÷àñòîòè ðåºñòðàö³¿ îêëþç³é â áàñåéí³ ë³âî¿ êîðîíàðíî¿ àð-òåð³¿, ñåðåäíüî¿ äîâaeèíè âèçíà÷åíèõ ñòåíîç³â ³ çá³ëüøåííÿ ÷àñòîòè âèïàäê³â ³ç ñòåíîçàìè >10 ìì. ²ç ³íøîãî áîêó, ïðè àíàë³ç³ àíàòîì³÷íèõ îñîáëèâîñòåé óðàaeåííÿ ïðàâî¿ êîðîíàðíî¿ àðòå𳿠âèÿâëåí³ çàêîíîì³ðíîñò³ çì³íèëèñü íà ðàäèêàëüíî çâîðîòí³, à ñàìå á³ëüø òÿaeêà ñòóï³íü ñòåíîçó áóëà çàô³êñîâàíà ñàìå â ãðóï³ á³ëüø ìîëîäèõ ïàö³-ºíò³â. Àíàë³ç âèïàäê³â äâîõ-³ òðüîõñóäèííèõ óðàaeåíü ïîêàçàâ, ùî àíàòîì³÷íå óðàaeåííÿ äâîõ êîðîíàðíèõ àð-òåð³é ðåºñòðóâàëè îäíàêîâî ÷àñòî, â òîé ÷àñ ÿê óðàaeåííÿ òðüîõ êîðîíàðíèõ àðòåð³é -äåùî ÷àñò³øå â ïà-ö³ºíò³â ñòàðøèõ 70-è ðîê³â. Òàêèì ÷èíîì, àíàë³ç äàíèõ êîðîíàðî´ðàô³¿ ñâ³ä÷èâ ïðî ïåâí³ ïðèíöèïîâ³ îñîáëèâîñò³ àíàòîì³÷íîãî óðàaeåííÿ êîðîíàðíîãî ðóñëà â õâîðèõ ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòó ì³îêàðäà ð³çíîãî â³êîâîãî öåíçó. Âèñíîâêè. Äîâåäåíà â³äñóòí³ñòü ñóòòºâèõ ãåíäåðíèõ â³äì³ííîñòåé â õàðàêòåð³ àíàòîì³÷íîãî óðàaeåííÿ êîðîíàðíèõ àðòåð³é. Á³ëüø òÿaeê³ àíàòîì³÷í³ óðàaeåííÿ ñïîñòåð³ãàëèñü ó õâîðèõ ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà â³-ÕÀÐÀÊÒÅÐ ÓÐÀAEÅÍÍß ÊÎÐÎÍÀÐÍÎÃÎ ÐÓÑËÀ Ó ÕÂÎÐÈÕ ²Ç ÍÅ Q-²ÍÔÀÐÊÒÎÌ Ì²ÎÊÀÐÄÀ  ÃÅÍÄÅÐÍÎ-²ÊÎÂÎÌÓ ÀÑÏÅÊÒ² ²âàíîâ Â.Ï., Ùåðáàê Î.Â., Ìàñëîâñüêèé Â.Þ. ³ííèöüêîãî íàö³îíàëüíîãî ìåäè÷íîãî óí³âåðñèòåòó ³ì. Ì.². Ïèðîãîâà Êàôåäðà âíóòð³øíüî¿ ìåäèöèíè ¹3 (çàâ. -ïðîô. ²âàíîâ Â.Ï.) ÓÄÊ: 612.1:616.127-005.8:79-055/-053 êîì ñòàðø³ 70-è ðîê³â. Ó ïîð³âíÿíí³ ç á³ëüø ìîëîäèìè ïàö³ºíòàìè öå õàðàêòåðèçóâàëîñü äîñòîâ³ðíèì çá³ëüøåííÿì ÷àñòîòè ðåºñòðàö³¿ îêëþç³é â áàñåéí³ ë³âî¿ êî-ðîíàðíî¿ àðòå𳿠³ ñåðåäíüî¿ äîâaeèíè ñ...
Ìåòà. Îö³íêà äèíàì³êè ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ïàö³ºíò³â ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà çà äîïîìîãîþ òåñòó ç 6-õâèëèííîþ õîäîþ ó çàëåaeíîñò³ â³ä òàêòèêè ë³êóâàííÿ â ãîñòðîìó ïåð³îä³ âïðîäîâae 6-òè ì³ñÿö³â ñïîñòåðåaeåííÿ. Ìàòåð³àë ³ ìåòîäè. Îáñòåaeåíî 77 ïàö³ºíò³â (63,6% ÷î-ëîâ³ê³â) ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà â³êîì â³ä 50 äî 79 (â ñåðåäíüîìó 64,1±1,0) ðîê³â. Ãîñï³òàëüíà òàêòèêà âåäåííÿ õâîðèõ â³äïîâ³äàëà ñó÷àñíèì ñòàíäàðòàì ë³êóâàííÿ ãîñòðîãî êîðîíàðíîãî ñèíäðîìó áåç åëåâàö³¿ ñåãìåíòó ST. Îö³íêà ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ïàö³ºíò³â ïðîâîäèëàñü çà äîïîìîãîþ òåñòó ç 6-õâèëèííîþ õîäîþ. Ðåçóëüòàòè é îáãîâîðåííÿ. Âèçíà÷åíî, ùî ïðîâåäåííÿ ïåðêóòàííî¿ àíã³îïëàñòèêè â õâîðèõ ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà ó ãîñòðîìó ïåð³îä³ ñóïðîâîäaeóºòüñÿ ñóòòºâèì çðîñòàííÿì ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ïàö³ºíò³â óïðîäîâae 3 ³ 6 ì³ñÿöÿ, ùî õàðàêòåðèçóºòüñÿ â³ðîã³äíèì çá³ëüøåííÿì âåëè÷èíè ïðîéäåíî¿ äèñòàíö³¿ íà 10,6% ³ 23,9% â³ä-ïîâ³äíî (ð<0,0001) ³ çìåíøåííÿì ñåðåäíüî¿ âåëè÷èíè ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî êëàñó íà 16,2%, ³ 27,9% â³äïîâ³äíî (ð<0,002). Ó õâîðèõ ³ç íå Q-³íôàðêòîì ì³îêàðäà, ÿê³ â ãîñòðîìó ïåð³îä³ íå îòðèìóâàëè ³íâàç³éíå ë³êóâàííÿ, ïî-çèòèâíî¿ äèíàì³êè ôóíêö³îíàëüíîãî ñòàíó ïàö³ºíò³â íå îòðèìàíî, ðåºñòðóºòüñÿ ëèøå òåíäåíö³ÿ äî çá³ëüøåííÿ âåëè÷èíè ïðîéäåíî¿ äèñòàíö³¿ íà 1,2% (ð=0,13) íà 3-ìó ³ òåíäåíö³ÿ äî çìåíøåííÿ ïîêàçíèêà íà 0,5% (ð=0,51) íà 6-ìó ì³ñÿö³. Âèñíîâêè. Ñóòòºâå çìåíøåííÿ ñåðåäíüî¿ âåëè÷èíè ôóíê-ö³îíàëüíîãî êëàñó ñåðöåâî¿ íåäîñòàòíîñò³ ó öèõ ïàö³ºí-ò³â âèçíà÷àºòüñÿ ëèøå âïðîäîâae 3-õ ì³ñÿö³â íà 7,9% (ð=0,04), â òîé ÷àñ ÿê íà 6-ìó ì³ñÿö³ ðåºñòðóºòüñÿ ëèøå òåíäåíö³ÿ äî çìåíøåííÿ ïîêàçíèêà íà 1,7% (ð=0,78) ó ïîð³âíÿíí³ ç âèõ³äíîþ âåëè÷èíîþ. Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: íå Q-³íôàðêò ì³îêàðäà, ïðîáà ç 6-õâèëèííîþ õîäîþ, ôóíêö³îíàëüíèé ñòàí ïàö³ºíò³â, ïåðêóòàííà àíã³îïëàñòèêà
Male infertility is probably to be affected by intense heat exposure and extreme exposure to pesticides, irradiation, electromagnetic radiation and other hazardous substances. The authors of most of the works agree that the cells of the basement membrane of the tubules and spermatogonia, which are quickly exhausted after irradiation, are the most vulnerable in the testes. The type and extent of these changes depends on the dose, duration and frequency of radiation. The participation of connective tissue in almost all typical pathological conditions has been shown: inflammation, allergy, carcinogenesis, hypoxia, free radical oxidation processes, etc. The purpose of the work was to study evaluation the state of rats' spermatogenesis under conditions of the total irradiation exposure and to correct the pathological process with drugs of natural origin Chondroitin sulfate and "Bioglobin-U". Material and methods. A model of total single irradiation with a dose of 3 Gy was used to obtain the pathology of the testes, after which the substance Chondroitin sulfate was administered at a dose of 60 mg / kg; comparison drug Tribestan at a dose of 60 mg/kg; the drug "Bioglobin-U" at a dose of 200 μl / kg and Chondroitin sulfate + Tribestan in the above doses. Results and discussion. 30 days of exposure of single total irradiation with a dose of 3 Gy led to significant disruption of the morphological state of the testes and spermatogenic epithelium of rats. Thus, in rats with irradiation, the number of normal spermatogonia in the convoluted tubules was reduced by 5.7 times, there were practically no convoluted tubules with spermatocytes in the metaphase of the 2nd maturation division (with the 12th stage of meiosis) and tubules with desquamated spermatogenic epithelium, the index of spermatogenesis decreased by almost 6.5 times. The introduction of natural origin drugs led to an improvement in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of spermatogenesis. Conclusion. In the conditions of irradiation exposure, Chondroitin sulfate has more significant regenerative properties, the effect of which is almost 1.9 times better than the effect of the reference drug Tribestan. The effectiveness of "Bioglobin-U" in these experimental conditions was somewhat inferior to Chondroitin sulfate, but this drug was almost 1.4 times more effective than the reference drug Tribestan. The combination of Tribestan and the substance Chondroitin sulfate was more than 1.4 times more effective than the reference drug Tribestan itself
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