Аннотация: Создание института наставничества в российских лидирующих компаниях отражает актуальную тенденцию к использованию наставничества в целях развития персонала. Однако ни в научных публикациях, ни в практике большинства организаций эта тенденция пока не проявилась. В статье раскрыта новая роль наставничества как формы взаимодействия между сотрудниками организации в аспектах развития компетенций, индивидуального потенциала, повышения вовлеченности и формирования поведенческих моделей персонала, соответствующих стратегии организации. На основе анализа зарубежных исследований и аналитических обзоров выделены новые модели наставничества в практике зарубежных компаний и определены возможности их применения в российских организациях.Ключевые слова: развитие персонала, практики наставничества, наставник, подопечный, модель наставничества. NEW MENTORING MODELS IN THE FOREIGN COMPANIES PRACTICES OF PERSONNEL LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENTAbstract. The creation of a mentoring institute in Russian leading companies reflects the current trend for the use of mentoring for the personnel learning and development programs. However, neither in scientific publications, nor in the practice of most organizations, this trend has not yet revealed itself. The article reveals a new role of mentoring as a form of interaction between employees in the aspects of competences and individual potential development, increase of involvement and evolution of behavioral models of personnel, relevant to the organizational strategy. On the basis of analysis of foreign studies and analytical reviews are highlighted new mentoring models and identifies their applicability in Russian organizations.Keywords: personnel development, practices of mentoring, mentor, mentee, mentoring model. Преимущества, которые получают организации, создавая программы наставничества, очевидны.Однако недооценка роли и возможностей наставничества в процессах развития персонала приводит к тому, что многие компании рассматривают его лишь как инструмент обучения новичков, да и российские издания по проблемам развития персонала либо вообще не касаются вопросов наставничества, либо упоминают о нем вскользь и тоже в контексте адаптации новых сотрудников. По нашему мнению, эта проблема связана, в первую очередь, с отсутствием достаточной информации о новых подходах к организации наставничества в современных организациях. На основе анализа публикаций и аналитических обзоров по обозначенному вопросу [6][7][8]10] нами выделены и описаны новые модели наставничества, используемые в зарубежных компаниях, которые могут быть успешно реализованы и в российских организациях.
Rapid technological development and digital transformation in all areas of life have resulted in a dramatic change in the nature of thinking and requirements to skills. In the information economy, it is not money or natural resources, or territory but people with their critical thinking and high-quality skills, who have become a valuable asset. In this regard, the educational sector advances to the forefront. However, education hardly complies with the requirements of the new economy and retains its basic features of the industrial era. The curricula and educational processes at universities fail to prepare young people for life in our complicated world, or develop critical thinking; they discourage creativity and ability to cooperate. Curricula tend to focus on the development of professional skills and neglect the development of social and cognitive skills. The study sets out to investigate the usefulness of higher social and cognitive skills in the educational process at the Faculty of Humanities in Perm National Research Polytechnic University and offers recommendations on the development of these skills in the educational process.
Knowledge management is among strategic tasks of a modern company. However, there is a gap in the literature considering the mechanisms of organizational knowledge intensification and its transformation into company competitiveness. The paper presents the knowledge management model based on the vector of proactive employee behavior, which is formed with the help of organizational and motivational mechanisms, including flexible organizational structure, transformational leadership, and a culture of knowledge. According to elaborated model proactive behavior of employees is oriented to knowledge intensification and active participation in the processes of organizational development and learning, which in turn determine innovation activities and financial performance of a company. The model has been tested using the database of 110 Russian companies that had been participated in the survey in 2019. Empirical results have been estimated in the software smartPLS using the method of structural equations and had confirmed the validity of elaborated knowledge management model. Obtained mediation effects allow making a conclusion about complementarity of the knowledge culture, transformational leadership and flexible organizational structure; therefore, these mechanisms should be implemented simultaneously for the successful transformation of knowledge into a company competitiveness. Also, the practical implication has an empirical evidence of the highest impact of transformational leadership on innovation and financial performance, determining this mechanism as a key one for Russian enterprises.
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