The main problem of the research is to determine the scale, direction and effectiveness of the impact of digitalization on the formation of professional culture among Russian youth. This influence is studied in the context of the intensification of information flows in social media, the development of new formats and network communication channels, the maturation of "generation Z" whose socialization and professionalization takes place mainly online. The authors raise questions consisting in identifying the relationship of the role of socio-cultural and digital environments in the formation of professional culture of Russian youth; comparing the importance of traditional and digital communication channels used by young Russians in their professionalization; establishing the specifics of professional and socio-cultural adaptation in the conditions of intensive development of digital technologies; identifying constructive and destructive effects of digitalization in the process of assimilation of values, norms, strategies of professional behavior; analyzing formal and informal digital space of professional self-determination and development among Russia’s youth. The design of the study is based on a hybrid strategy of empirical analysis combining (1) a mass survey in the form of online survey on the most important channels for Russian youth, online content formats and search technologies, the content of the most popular online resources related to vocational education and self-education; (2) an expert interview which provides data on the state, trends, prospects of the impact of education digitalization on the formation of youth professional culture, the destructive impact of the digital environment on the professionalization among young people, and the anti-destructive immunities; and (3) a hall-test which allows to identify the level of Russian youth ability to differentiate digital products, to assess their adequacy, completeness, objectivity, and social significance. The key result of the study is the segmentation of Russian youth into the so-called "idealists", "pragmatists" and "traditionalists". The typology establishes the relationship between professional, value attitudes, online behavior strategies, as well as socio-demographic characteristics. A focus on conscious professional choice, active, voluntary and progressive professionalization ("idealists" and "pragmatists") is associated with active professional Internet communication, an ability to manage network interaction risks. On the contrary, rigidity and constraints in professional choice strategy ("traditionalists") correlate with the fragmentary nature of professional Internet communication and a lack of established anti-destructive immunities. Specific characteristics of professional, civil, socio-cultural adaptation of Russian young people and their network communications determine the nature of the anti-destructive immunities in digital environment. Acknowledgement. The research work is performed as part of the 2018 state task conducted by the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation and titled “The impact of modern digital communications on the formation of professional culture among young people” (NIR no.42).
The article presents the results of a comparative and typological analysis of open data websites of the leading Russian and foreign universities. The analysis has been carried out in order to assess the state of the digital environment of universities in the areas of career guidance of students, the development of students’ competencies and career support of graduates. The authors adduce an empirical evidence of the key problems of digitalization of Russian universities such as the lack of interactive innovative forms of online support of applicants by Russian universities; the lack of digital footprints of the educational process, especially video lessons; depersonalization of digital support of training; non-competitive descriptions of elective courses, the lack of educational case studies as a main technology for the implementation of practice-oriented tasks; the underdevelopment of interaction as a basic principle for providing online support of the educational process. As the prospects of the study, the article makes the case for constructing a model ranking universities according to the level of digital space development.
The paper presents the preliminary results of the cluster analysis devoted to the national databases research of the World Internet Project -2012 in Russia, Sweden, China, United Kingdom, Mexico, USA and the Republic of South Africa. The purpose of cluster analysis is to classify the respondents in accordance to the characteristics of the perception of political subjectivity on the Internet. Social profiles of different user groups in selected countries can help to identify different national strategies of political activities in the "World Wide Web". Keywords: internet communication, political activities on the Internet, cross-national cluster analysis IntroductionThe Internet has become one of the most significant tools of transforming communicative, political and social-cultural environment of the modern societies. It tends to be a centre of political empowerment of citizens all over the world.Political recourses of the virtual space are an important research subject for a number of scientists all over the world (Anokhin, 2012; Runet.fom.ru, 2014;Brodovskaya & Shumilova, 2013;Bubnov, Dmitrieva, & Shapovalov, 2013;Dolgorukov, 2013;Davis, 2002;Elyakov, 2009). They reveal political effects of the Internet communication. There is a variety of sociological studies devoted to perception of political subjectivity on the Internet (Grachev, 2009;Greene, 2012), one of them is the "World Internet Project -2012" in 50 countries (World internet project, 2014).The purpose of this study is to identify the perception of the national political subjectivity on the Internet. Empirical objects of comparative analyses are 7 countries (China, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom, United States, Mexico, and South Africa). The choice of these countries was determined by the desire to achieve a wide geography of a sample of countries with different systems of political, economic and social system. MethodTo collect data it was used mass pool of Russians (N=1600, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age) mass pool of citizens of China (1500 respondents, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age), Sweden (2700 respondents, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age), UK (2057 respondents, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age), Mexico (2000 respondents, sample is representative for the type area of residence, district, gender and age), South Africa (1589 respondents, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age), USA (1351 respondents, sample is representative for such areas like residence, district, gender and age). To verify the received data we clustered the selection of the World Internet Project in selected country with SPSS for Windows 18.0.Procedure of allocation of clusters. The massif from the 7 countries is considered as a unit and in this "uniform" massif types of the Internet users are allocated. Further there will be an opportuni...
В статье представлен анализ базовых трактовок понятия «цифровое гражданство». Основной исследовательский вопрос на который ориентировались авторы: с чем в первую очередь связан высокий уровень протестного потенциала цифрового поколения, это внутренняя характеристика носителей культуры цифрового гражданства или скорее поведенческая стратегия, актуализированная мобилизационными эффектами социальных медиа? Отвечая на поставленный вопрос, авторы реализовали прикладное исследование, применяя метод массового опроса и процедуру онлайн-анкетирования. Полевой этап исследования прошел в июле-сентябре 2019 г. Выборочная совокупность составила 1000 респондентов, репрезентативна по полу, возрасту (в соответствии со статистическими данными о представленности в составе российской молодежи групп 15-19 лет, 20-24 лет и 25-29 лет) и территориальной принадлежности (в выборке воспроизведено соотношение численности молодежи во всех федеральных округах РФ). В рамках исследования были проанализированы основные гражданские и политические практики, востребованные молодыми российскими пользователями в онлайн- и офлайн-средах, масштаб протестной мобилизации в социальных сетях, репертуар протестных сообщений, протестные установки цифровых граждан. Подвергнув кластеризации массив данных опроса, авторы выделили четыре типа носителей разного уровня протестного потенциала в среде российской молодежи: «зрители», «вовлеченные», «активисты», «лидеры». В свою очередь, процедура многомерного шкалирования позволила зафиксировать дифференциацию ценностных профилей и стилей жизни носителей разного типа протестного потенциала. Ключевой вывод исследования заключается в том, что наибольший потенциал протестной активности проявляют вовсе не типичные представители цифрового поколения, а те, чей ценностный выбор и стратегии цифрового гражданства скорее отклоняются от общераспространенных. Благодарность. Мы сердечно благодарим, прежде всего, авторов тематического выпуска «Цифровизация экономики, политики и гражданского общества». Огромное спасибо за новые идеи, свежие подходы, нестандартные выводы и вдохновение. Выпуск бы не состоялся без фантастической команды ВЦИОМ, энергии и трудолюбия ответственного редактора Анны Кулешовой. Мы очень признательны Дмитрию Чижову за идею выпуска. Мы говорим большое спасибо нашим коллегам Роману Пырме, Анне Домбровской, Артуру Азарову, Алексею Синякову, Дмитрию Карзубову, Лилии Рязановой за помощь в сборе, обработке и анализе материалов исследования. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и АНО ЭИСИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-011-31-291 «Культура “цифрового гражданства” российской молодежи: акторы, технологии формирования, общественно-политические эффекты».
ЦИФРовые гРаЖдане, ЦИФРовое гРаЖданСтво И ЦИФРовая гРаЖданСтвенноСть Аннотация. В статье рассматриваются базовые трактовки категорий «цифровой гражданин», «цифровое гражданство», «цифровая гражданственность». Основное внимание уделено представленности данных категорий в научном дискурсе и в российских политических практиках. Ключевые слова: цифровизация, цифровой гражданин, цифровое гражданство, цифровая гражданственность, гражданская и политическая активность, цифровой профиль, поколение Z entire social space, according to the authors, is the need to modernize, above all, a political one. Furthermore, the authors investigate the contradictions and dangers of globalization, possible further scenarios for the development of this objective process. The authors show that several scenarios for the further development of globalization seem possible, the analysis of which, as well as the potential result, certainly has scientific and practical significance and is one of the central tasks of political analytics and political forecasting at the present stage of the development of the social sciences.
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