The aim of the work is a design substantiation of sliding bearings with wedges made of new antifriction reinforced wood-metal materials having increased tribo-technical properties ensuring potentialities for their industrial use widening. The wear investigation of the materials offered was carried out according to the procedure providing for an abrasive impact at that besides wear-resistance the thermo-physical characteristics of samples under analysis were assessed. As a result of the investigation there was offered a structure of anti-friction materials combining in them modified wood and a metal filling agent made of different antifriction materials or special capsules filled with fusible materials and also wedges made by means of a joint coiling of a metal band or an element as tensile anti-friction springs and sized bands of veneer. The offered reinforced composite sliding bearings allow ensuring higher mechanical and tribo-technical characteristics to a considerable extent, optimizing a thermal working mode of sliding bearing wedges, increasing considerably their manufacturability and widening a sphere of industrial use by means of rational combining different wood types and metal composite constituents.
ОСНОВЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИЗНОСОСТОЙКОСТИ ЖЕЛЕЗОУГЛЕРОДИСТЫХ СПЛАВОВ ПРИ КОРРОЗИОННО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКОМ ИЗНАШИВАНИИПоказаны эффективные пути повышения износостойкости железоуглеродистых сплавов, претерпевающих значительную трансформацию в процессе реализации фрикционно-механического взаимодействия с древесиной. Предложены основные направления формирования функциональных поверхностных слоев, основанные на реализации комплексных подходов, включающих перспективные методы упрочняющей обработки и технологи-ческого обеспечения благоприятного состояния поверхностных слоев за счет создания защитных покрытий, значительно снижающих коррозионномеханическое изнашивание изделий.Ключевые слова: износостойкость, железоуглеродистые сплавы, коррозия, изнашивание, трение, функциональные поверхности, упрочняющая обработка. FUNDAMENTALS OF IRON-CARBON ALLOY WEAR-RESISTANCE INCREASE AT CORROSION-MECHANICAL WEARIron-carbon alloy wear intensity at the interaction with wood is caused mainly by the conditions of electro-chemical and chemical reactions in the area of a friction contact, hydrogenation and decarbonization of surface layers, by atmospheric and biological metal corrosion development. At that structural material surface destruction at friction with wood takes place at the expense of the joint and interrelated realization of chemical and mechanical mechanisms.The analysis of the contact interaction of parts operating surfaces with the wood processed allowed revealing the totality of basic factors defining their resistance to wear both at the expense of corrosion process realization, and owing to a mechanical surface destruction.To achieve the increased wear-resistance of iron-carbon alloys contacting with wood material it is necessary to ensure the formation of favorable physical-mechanical characteristics in a surface layer: hardness, impact elasticity, resistance to micro-crack growth, durability to the impact of abrasive corrosiveactive environment.For metal tribo-corrosion prevention the most promising way is strengthening by means of functiondirected complex impacts upon surface layers or by volume and surface alloying.The decrease of stress concentrator quantity and micro-crack growth inhibition may be achieved by the formation of ductile strata between separate areas and also by the possibility to form a favorable level of compressing residual stresses.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ КОРРОЗИОННО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКОГО ИЗНАШИВАНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ТРЕНИЯ СКОЛЬЖЕНИЯДана краткая характеристика коррозионно-механического вида изнашивания. Рассмотрены схемы для его исследования в условиях трения скольжения. Выделены основные группы методов исследования коррозионно-механического изнаши-вания: гальванические, потенциодинамические, потенциостатические и электрохимическая импен-дансная спектроскопия. Приведено описание каж-дой группы методов и сделан их краткий сравни-тельный анализ.Ключевые слова: коррозионно-механическое изнашивание, трение скольжения, трибокоррозия, трибоэлектрохимическая ячейка, электрохимическая импендансная спектроскопия. E.A. Pamfilov, Ya.S. Prozorov, S.V. Kuznetsov, S.V. Lukashov INVESTIGATION PECULIARITIES OF MECHANOCHEMICAL WEAR UNDER CONDITIONS OF SLIDING FRICTIONMechanochemical wear (tribocorrosion) is metal destruction caused by a simultaneous action of friction and corrosion. In many cases the interference of mechanical and chemical phenomena (synergism) is manifested as a result of which the situation of wear can change considerably. Tribocorrosion occurs in a wide spectrum of combined mechanical and chemical effect.The regularities of the interference manifestation of mechanical and chemical factors in tribocorrosion have been studied insufficiently neither theoretically, nor experimentally. For the analysis of tribocorrosion properties of materials under conditions of sliding friction there is offered the use of the system allowing the exposition of a sample simultaneously to tribological and corrosion processes. There are emphasized and described merits and demerits of the basic groups of methods for the investigation of mechanochemical wear: galvanic, potentio-dynamic and electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy. It is defined that at the investigation of tribocorrosion it should be purposeful to use electro-chemical methods inasmuch as they allow modeling many chemical properties of corrosion environment at the simultaneous mechanical effect.
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