This study provided experimental and clinical evidence of the efficacy of oseltamivir and umifenovir against influenza viruses, representatives of which have continued to circulate in post-pandemic seasons.

In spite of vaccination was recommended by the World Health Organization, the main strategy of influenza is antiviral drugs treatment, one of which is umifenovir. Aim. The aim of the study is to obtain additional data on safety and therapeutic efficacy of the antiviral drug Arbidol (umifenovir) in patients with a diagnosis of influenza and common cold. Materials and methods. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study investigating efficacy and safety of Arbidol (umifenovir) in Treatment and Prophylaxis of Influenza and Common Cold (ARBITR) IV phase started in November 2011 and completed in April 2016 on the basis of 15 research centers in various regions of the Russian Federation. A total of 359 patients, aged 18 to 65 years with influenza or acute respiratory tract infection, of no more than 36 hours' duration were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups: a group of patients (therapy group) treated by Arbidol (umifenovir) at a dosage of 800 mg/day (2 capsules) for 5 days (n=181), and a group of patients receiving placebo 4 times a day for 5 days (n=178). The primary outcome measures of the study were the duration of clinical illness among patients with common cold and influenza/ARVI, the duration and severity of the main symptoms. Number of clinical complications associated with influenza and common cold was assessed as a secondary outcome. Safety was assessed by analyzing number of adverse events that are probably or definitely related to Arbidol, assessing vital signs, examining the physical condition of patients and general clinical laboratory parameters. Results. In the group treated by umifenovir, the number of full recover patients on the 4th day from the disease onset were significantly differed from the number of such cases in the placebo group. The number of cases of complete recovery after 96 hours was 98 patients (54.1%) and 77 (43.3%), p

No abstract

The FRs for influenza and ARVI complications are patient's age (children under 3 years of age and adults older than 65 years), the presence of chronic somatic diseases, and pregnancy. Patients with endocrine, eating, metabolic (including obesity), circulatory, and respiratory disorders are at high risk for influenza and ARVI complications. Umifenovir therapy substantially reduces the duration of fever and risk of complications, especially in patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection.

Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф.Гамалеи, Москва; 2 Государственный научный центр Институт иммунологии, Москва; 3 Московский научно-практический центр дерматовенерологии и косметологии; 4 Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского

Elderly above 60 years old are more interested in getting vaccinated against influenza and are the group with the higher administration percentage, in 2016-2017 season was 68,4% while in 2017-2018 season reached 69%. A positive trend was noticed on the vaccination coverage for health care workers from 60% in 2016-2017 to 72% in 2017-2018 season.Conclusion: During the last three years there is an increase commitment on influenza vaccination from government and other partners. Nevertheless, there is still need to keep influenza vaccination, among the priorities within the health agenda. The administration of influenza vaccine among target risk groups has been increased but remains very low among them due to lack of access to the vaccine. Meanwhile the well-functioning government influenza vaccination program of health care workers is showing good results.

Острый риносинусит (ОРС) -воспаление слизистой оболочки околоносовых пазух (ОНП) и полости носа дли-тельностью менее 12 нед, сопровождающееся двумя или более симптомами, одним из которых является затрудне-ние носового дыхания или выделения из носа, а также го-ловная боль (в проекции ОНП) и/или снижение/потеря обоняния [1].По данным статистики, на долю ОРС приходится до 30% всех заболеваний верхних отделов респираторного тракта. При этом следует отметить, что истинная заболе-ваемость РС и у детей, и у взрослых неизвестна, так как в большинстве случаев вирусный РС не диагностируется в качестве самостоятельного заболевания, а рассматривает-ся как проявление острой респираторной вирусной ин-фекции (ОРВИ) [1,2].Исследования с использованием КТ и МРТ выявили признаки РС в 95% случаев острого респираторного забо-левания [3][4][5]. Среди основных вирусов-возбудителей ОРС называют риновирус, респираторно-синцитиаль-ный, аденовирус, коронавирус, некоторые исследователи включают в этот перечень и вирус парагриппа [1][2][3]5].Оригинальных исследований, посвященных опреде-лению роли респираторных вирусов в этиологии РС, крайне мало. Одно из последних выполнено под руковод-ством Е.П. Карповой А.Л. Заплатникова [2]. Авторами установлено, что в назальных смывах пациентов с РС чаще выявлялись метапневмовирусы и вирусы парагрип-па, реже -корона-, рино-и аденовирусы [2].

Aim: to determine the perspectives for the use of drugs with combined antiviral, anti - inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity on the basis of medical studies of existing antiviral drugs for the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in Russia. Materials and methods. A brief review of the antiviral drugs used in Russia for the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections was conducted on the basis of 37 articles published in Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and RSCI databases in the period from 1997 to 2018. Results. Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir), is slowly developing due to the mutations of the neuraminidase gene H275Y and Q136K. Most influenza A viruses remain resistant to adamantane antivirals. Repeated use of immunomodulators with indirect antiviral action leads to a hyporeactivity of the immune system and, subsequently, to a decrease in their effectiveness. Positive clinical and laboratory data in clinical trials were obtained using Enisamium iodide, a drug with combined action - direct antiviral, and immunomodulatory. Conclusion. According to the WHO strategy, the results of the review demonstrate the need for continued research of medications with combined antiviral and pathogenetic effects on the infectious process caused by influenza and acute respiratory viral infections.