A b s t r a c tClassic genetic methods remain actual in practice and study of inheritance and heritability of the main commercial crop traits. Solanum lycopersicum L. genetics is well developed, but the special approach is necessary to solve special breeding tasks. Heritability analysis of the main traits in F 1 tomato progeny, which we have been carried out in 2009-2011, revealed some regularity to be further used in breeding practice. We first found that the main fruit yield parameters of Solanum lycopersicum L., the average fruit weight (h 2 = 0.99) and the average fruit number per plant (h 2 = 0.96), are inherited on the maternal side, and dwarfism (h 2 = 0.83) and early ripening (h 2 = 0.73) are inherited on the paternal side. Effectiveness of the target hybridization method developed earlier has been tested in this paper. Productive maternal plants with larger-sized fruits and early ripening dwarf paternal plants were involved in target crossings. F 1 hybrids and their F 2 progeny resulted from selfpollination of F 1 plants were produced. Analysis of dwarfism inheritance in three F 2 hybrid combinations using 2 criterion confirmed recessiveness of d gene. The tall plants and the dwarf plants of F 2 population segregated strictly by Mendel's low (3:1). By dispersion analysis of six parental forms and three hybrids, we selected the more productive plants with large fruit size among the dwarf plants, then obtained seed progeny of these plants and studied the heritability of two traits, the dwarfism and large fruit size, in the F 3 hybrids. It was found out that crossing between tall maternal plants with large fruit size and dwarf early ripening paternal plants resulted in lowering the plant height to that of dwarf father. This trait was maintained in F 3 that confirmed the correctness of conclusions have earlier been made by us. Heritability of average fruit weight on the maternal side also has been confirmed in F 3 progeny. In F 3 hybrids derived from crossing maternal plants Vspishka and Krainiy Sever with large fruit size the average fruit weight increased 2 times compared to the parental forms. This trait is maintained in progeny despite negative effects of d genes on some quantitative characteristics. Use of high productive maternal forms with small fruits size resulted in lowering average fruit weight in the hybrid progenies. So, dwarfism of Solanum lycopersicum L., desirable in multi circle hydroponic technology, is inherited on the parental side, and the fruit weigh is inherited on the maternal side. Thus, to obtain new tomato forms for multi circle hydroponics, the maternal plants with large fruit size and dwarf paternal forms should be crossed.
online) научно практический журнал о в о щ и р о с с и и № 6 ( 4 4 ) 2 0 1 8 I S S N 2 0 7 2 -9 1 4 6 ( P r i n t )[ 84 ] УДК 635.262:632.4(470.0)
The modern trend of vegetable crop breeding is a development of new cultivars and hybrids resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses and suitable for fully mechanized agriculture. It can provide the maximal commercial output and high profitability of vegetable growing. Pre-breeding is based on knowledge of impact of various abiotic factors on the yield and productivity of certain genotype in specific growing conditions. Traditionally the pepper plants are cultivated in greenhouses on low-volume soil or artificial medium with drop irrigation. Main advantage of low-volume technologies is a labor saving and improved phytosanitary conditions. In the present paper, the response of different sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes to various abiotic factors has been studied aiming at development of initial breeding material for new varieties and hybrids under the hydroponic system conditions. The investigation has been conducted in 2008-2014 in the All-Russian Research Institute for vegetable breeding and seed production (Moscow Province). The breeding and collection samples of sweet pepper as well as F 1 hybrid Raisa (standard) were used in the present study. Plants were grown in a greenhouse on sphagnum peat mixed with calcified substance as a potting substrate and mineral fertilizers. The concentration of nutrient solution for irrigation of seedlings conforms to the recommended standard. The growth conditions were partially controlled. The parameters of outside environment were recorded during growing period using an automated climate control system KISTOCK KH-100 (France). The soil temperature was also controlled. Yield sample characteristics and assessment were done by UPOV system (Union Internationale pour la protection des obtentions végétales, France). The most adverse factores were recorded in the beginning (February-May) and the end (September-October) of growing season regardless of year of investigation, that resulted in decreasing marketability of the yield. The unmarketable part of yield was represented by fruits with excessive growth, deformation, and affected by blossom-end rot. Long-term screening of pepper genotypes on responsiveness to unfavorable factors of environment allowed to divide the cultivars into the following groups: susceptible (cv. Agapovskii), low-susceptible (cv. Elisa), and tolerant (cv. Zheltiyi buket). At hydroponics, productivity of the susceptible cultivar Agapovskiy was decreased up to 40 % as compared with the tolerant cultivar Zheltiyi buket. It was shown that adaptability of sweet pepper varieties to the conditions of lowcapacity hydroponics is defined by the norm of reaction to changes of environmental factors such as daily temperature, difference of night and day temperatures, humidity, and its combinations. Changes of the light intensity are not so crucial for cultivars productivity; it may have negative impact on varieties with low adaptability when combined with other environment parameters. The correlation between the rate of non-standard part of yield, the damage of f...
н а у ч н о п р а к т и ч е с к и й ж у р н а л [ 7 ] о в о щ и р о с с и и № 2 (3 5) 2 0 1 7
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.