Определены минимальные подавляющие концентрации (МПК) водных настоев 17 официнальных лекарственных растений в отношении антибиотикочувствительных экстремально-антибиотикорезистентных изолятов Pseudomonas aeruginosa и Acinetobacter baumannii. Обнаружена выраженная антибактериальная активность (МПК < 1 мг/мл) водных экстрактов брусники (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), эвкалипта (Eucalyptus viminalis), дуба (Quercus robur), толокнянки (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). При сочетанном воздействии на микробную клетку водные растительные экстракты не оказывали значимого влияния на антибактериальную активность аминогликозидов, карбапенемов и фторхинолонов. Выявлен универсальный дозозависимый антагонистический эффект растительных экстрактов на микробиологическую эффективность колистина в отношении A. baumannii и P. aeruginosa. Выявлен синергидный антибактериальный эффект (ФПК 0,25-0,50) комбинации водного экстракта эвкалипта и цефтазидима в отношении 29,2% экстремальноантибиотикорезистентных штаммов A. baumannii, продуцирующих OXA-карбапенемазы.
Purpose — to evaluate the presence and duration of antibiotic activity of antibiotic-impregnated bone cement based coatings samples against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.Material and Methods. Bone cement based coatings impregnated with antibiotics (gentamycin, vancomycin, colistin, meropenem, fosfomycin) are formed on titanium (Ti) plates. A plate rinse was carried out; antibiotic concentrations in the rinsed solutions were estimated by a serial broth microdilution method. Antibacterial activity of the control and rinsed samples against the antibiotic-sensitive and multiple-antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was estimated by a bilayer agar method.Results. The meropenem and fosfomycin concentrations in the rinsed solutions obtained at a one-fold (16 μg/ml for both antibiotics) and two-fold treatment (2 μg/ml for meropenem and 8 μg/ml for fosfomycin) were sufficient to suppress the growth of the control strains. One-fold rinse of samples with colistin eliminated their antibacterial activity completely. The marked activity of the samples with meropenem and fosfomycin persisted against the antibiotic-sensitive P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strain after 2 rinse cycles; single-rinsed samples with fosfomycin also maintained the activity against the extensively antibioticresistant P. aeruginosa BP-150 strain. Vancomycin-containing samples possessed the sufficient antibacterial activity against both methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) S. aureus strains; two-fold rinse of the samples eliminated their bactericidal properties.Conclusion. Bone cement based coatings impregnated with fosfomycin and meropenem possess the most marked and long-lasting antibacterial activity, manifested mainly against the antibiotic-sensitive strains.
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