Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC).With the participation of Russian Scientific Society of Clinical Electrophysiology, Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing, Russian Association of Pediatric Cardiologists, Society for Holter Monitoring and Noninvasive Electrocardiology.Approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Russian Ministry of Health.

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Time-domain TWA during HM in children was independent of age, gender, and heart rate. In 94% healthy children, values of TWA do not exceed 55 microV but 20-50% children with cardiac pathology had TWA more than 55 microV. Night circadian type of TWA in diseases with risk of life-threatening arrhythmias associated with TWA was more than 55 microV.

Background. The sudden out-of-hospital cardiac death (SOHCD) in Russia is poorly investigated. The aim of study was to determine structure of SOHCD in Moscow.Methods. SOHCD were analyzed according to data for 2005–2009 from the 2nd Thanatology Department of Forensic Medicine of Moscow that serves 2502836 citizens in Moscow.Results. Prevalence of SOHCD was 49.1% of autopsies for all age groups and in 8.9% in the group aged 1–45 (22.3 cases per 100000 population/year). The frequency of SOHCD progressively increased with age. Most SOHCD victims (82%) were males. The diagnosis of cardiomyopathy was prevalent (80–96%) in the age 1–45 group; in 11–15 more 30% had normal heart; after 35 years of age, the role of ischaemic heart disease increased. In 67% of the people aged 19–25 SOHCD was associated with traces of alcohol (0.3–3.0 promile).Conclusion. The proportion of SOHCD in the Moscow population over all age groups has reached 123.2 per 100000 citizens annually. In the age group 1–45, the prevalence of SOHCD was 22.3 cases per 100000 citizens per year. The risk of SOHCD was greater in males. Possibly the role of alcohol in SOHCD in people older than 20 increased.

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Study purpose. To determine the prevalence of syncope among young elite athletes.Material and methods. In the course of the study “Epidemiology of the syncope in children and adolsceents in elite sport (EPISODE-S)” ** 1687 young elite athletes 16.3±1.5 years old, members of the Russian National teams from 52 sports discipline were surveyed. Control group was 1732 nonathletes the same age and gender.Results. 113 (6.7%) athletes had syncope (girls – 73.5%). More often, syncope registered in basketball (10.5%), judo (10.3%), rhythmic gymnastics (9.1%), figure skating (8.0%), volleyball (7.4%). According to the results of questioning in schools, syncope was noted in 4.2% of students. In all cases among athletes syncope had neurally mediated (reflex) nature by the results of the additional examination. Four out of 1687 athletes (0.24%) had the long QT syndrome, but they haven’t got syncope.Conclusions. 1. In the young elite athletes prevalence of syncope is 6.7% (4.2% for non-athletes) and significantly more common in girls (11.6% vs. 3.4%). More often, syncope occurs in sports where tall athletes are selected (basketball, volleyball) or strict weight control is required (rhythmic gymnastics, figure skating, judo). The majority of the young athletes has benign neurally mediated nature of syncope and doesn’t need restrict for the sport, but the first of all they require the exclusion of diseases with a high risk of sudden cardiac death.** Epidemiology of the syncope in children and adolsceents in elite sport (EPISODE-S)

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