Background. The ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) draws attention to the significance of molecular and genetic monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 spread among the population of the Russian Federation. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of circulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia.Materials and methods. The analysis of the circulation dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia was carried out, covering the period from 28/12/2020 to 26/6/2022. The analysis included the data from Rospotrebnadzor Report No. 970 "Information about Infectious Diseases in Individuals with Suspected Novel Coronavirus Infection" and the Virus Genome Aggregator of Russia (VGARus). The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was confirmed by the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The primer panels developed at the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology were used for amplification of genomic fragments and the subsequent sequencing.Results and discussion. Using the Russian VGARus platform developed by the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, we received the data on mutational variability of SARS-CoV-2. By monitoring the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants in Russia from 28/12/2020 to 26/6/2022, we found that Delta and Omicron genetic variants prevailed at different stages of the epidemic.Conclusion. The data of molecular and genetic studies are an essential component of epidemiological surveillance, being critically important for making executive decisions aimed at prevention of further spread of SARS-CoV-2 and laying the groundwork for creating new vaccines.

Цель исследования -оценка эффективности и безопасности фавипиравира для лечения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) легкого и среднетяжелого течения.Материал и методы. Проведено открытое рандомизированное многоцентровое клиническое исследование с активным контролем у амбулаторных и госпитализированных пациентов с COVID-19 легкого и сред-

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Цель – оценить влияние активности коагуляции крови на течение новой коронавирусной инфекции и обосновать тактику ведения коморбидных пациентов, получающих пероральные антикоагулянты в подобранных ранее дозах. Материалы и методы. Проанализировано 76 случаев подтвержденной коронавирусной инфекции у пациентов, получавших стартовую терапию амбулаторно. Из них 26 больных, получавших пероральные антикоагулянты (ривароксабан, апиксабан, дабигатран, варфарин), составили основную группу и 50 – группу сравнения, в которой пациенты не принимали до эпизода COVID-19 лекарственных средств, влияющих на свертываемость крови. Всем пациентам была назначена терапия в соответствии с Временными методическими рекомендациями. Результаты. В группе пациентов, получавших пероральные антикоагулянты, было отмечено достоверно меньше случаев госпитализаций (19%, а в группе сравнения – 66%), отсутствие летальных исходов и случаев формирования тяжёлой дыхательной и/или почечной недостаточности, тогда как среди пациентов, не получавших антикоагулянты, неблагоприятные исходы отмечены в 14%. Выводы. Приём пероральных антикоагулянтов, в соответствии с показаниями по сопутствующей патологии, снижает вероятность тяжёлого течения и неблагоприятных исходов при развитии коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, что указывает на существенный вклад звеньев свёртывающей системы крови в патогенез при COVID-19. У пациентов, получающих адекватную терапию пероральными антикоагулянтами, при лечении нетяжёлой формы коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной SARS-CoV-2, в амбулаторных условиях, не выявлено показаний для замены препаратов и коррекции схем антикоагулянтной терапии.

Background. The ongoing pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) determines the relevance of the analysis of epidemiological patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread among the population of the Russian Federation.Aim — study of the manifestations of the epidemic process of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation in 2020–2022.Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation was carried out from 03/30/2020 to 04/24/2022. The data from the Rospotrebnadzor report No. 970 “Information on cases of infectious diseases in persons with suspected new coronavirus infection”, information portal Stopcoronavirus.rf, etc. were used. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR.Results and discussion. The analysis of the manifestations of the epidemic process of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation in 2020–2022 showed the presence of two stages which differed depending on the influence of the biological factor and the ongoing anti-epidemic measures. There was a pronounced trend in the development of the epidemic process, starting from megacities (Moscow, Moscow region and St. Petersburg), which are major transport hubs and centers of migration activity of the population, to the regions of the Russian Federation. The SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity has been shown to decrease with each subsequent cycle of the rise in the incidence of COVID-19 against the background of the increased contagiousness of the virus.Conclusion. As a result of the study, risk areas (megacities) and risk groups were identified.

Purpose: to identify the features of COVID-19 infection in children at different periods of the epidemiological rise in the incidence in the city of Moscow.Results. The article presents the observation of 1561 children hospitalized in the State Medical Institution «Children's City Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bash-lyaeva DZM» with a diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 during the periods of epidemiological rises in morbidity («2nd and 3rd waves of COVID-19»). An increase in the number of hospitalized children during the «3rd wave of COVID-19», early admission dates from the onset of the disease, due to the lack of treatment effect in outpatient settings, the predominance of school-age children and adolescents, the predominant course of infection with the development of viral pneumonia CT2-3, less often CT3-4, a 10-fold reduction in the number of children with MIS-syndrome, an elongation of the period of viral release in patients.

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научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.Н. Габричевского» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (Роспотребнадзор),