Human platelets play important roles in several physiologic and pathologic processes.Platelet concentrates are activated with thrombin or calcium, resulting in a viscous coagulum (platelet gel [PG]), composed of 95% platelets at least. PG is increasingly used for the treatment of a variety of soft and hard tissue defects, most notably in the management of chronic non-healing wounds. During wound healing, platelets not only play a critical role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis, but also release growth factors and cytokines to promote tissue regeneration, enhance collagen synthesis, and trigger an immune response. This review addresses a variety of aspects relevant to the functions of well-known platelet growth factors, animal and clinical studies of PG in the last decade, and different sources of platelets for PG. PG is used for nonhealing chronic wounds, such as oral ulcerations related to epidermolysis bullosa and chronic graft-versus-host disease, for those, the traditional treatment effect is poor.PG maybe provide a new therapeutic direction for these diseases. Nevertheless, some uncertainty is present, the number of clinical studies is not enough. Hence, randomized controlled trials are still required to study the potential of the use of PG in the near future. K E Y W O R D Splatelet gel, platelet growth factor, platelet-rich plasma, wound healing | INTRODUCTIONOver the past three decades, extensive cellular and molecular details were elucidated regarding the regulation of cutaneous wound healing. 1,2 Although platelets are fundamental components of the hemostatic response to vessel damage. It is worth noting that platelet rich plasma (PRP) gel/platelet gel (PG) is increasingly used for the treatment of a variety of soft and hard tissue defects, most notably in the management of chronic non-healing wounds and in accelerating bone formation. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Wound healing is a very intricate process involving the complex interplay of numerous humoral factors and cells. PG as a new application was proposed during the last 30 years, to favour wound healing through the growth factors (GFs) released by platelets during clotting. Platelet concentrates are activated with thrombin or calcium, which induces the release of GFs and also fibrin generation, resulting in a viscous coagulum (PG), composed of 95% platelets at least. 9 A wound is defined as damage or disruption to the normal anatomical structure and function, and it may cause damage in other structures such as tendons, muscles, vessels, nerves, parenchymal

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) are two different origins of hematological malignancies, which rarely occur at the same time. Moreover, NHL secondary to CML is common in T cell lymphoma, while NHL of B cell origin is rare. Since 1999, only 22 cases with B cell lymphoma have been reported, of which 4 cases have diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The lesions of DLBCL were in lymph node, liver, jejunum, and soft palate. To our knowledge, it has no report for the primary gastric DLBCL (PG-DLBCL) occurring in CML. Here we reported a 63-year-old man of chronic phase (CP) CML associated with PG-DLBCL. The patient was diagnosed with CML nearly eight years ago and was treated with imatinib and nilotinib successively. However, gastroscopy found malignant lesions in the patient’s stomach in March 2018, and the masses were diagnosed as PG-DLBCL. Subsequently, with the treatment of the RCOP + lenalidomide regimen chemotherapy for 3 cycles, the patient achieved nearly complete remission (CR).

No abstract

Roundabout guidance receptor proteins are crucial components of the SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway. This pathway is important for the nervous system and in embryonic development. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that roundabout guidance receptor proteins and the SLIT/ROBO signaling pathway also participate in tumorigenesis. Here, by analyzing transcriptome data from the TCGA and GEO databases, we found that ROBO3 is highly expressed in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia. High ROBO3 expression was associated with increased age at diagnosis and poorer risk classification (both P <  0.01). Patients with high ROBO3 expression had higher rates of TP53 and RUNX1 mutations (both P <  0.05). Significantly worse overall survival and event-free survival were observed in high ROBO3 expression patients compared with low ROBO3 expression patients (OS: P =  0.004; EFS: P= 0.012). High ROBO3 expression was also associated with poorer overall survival and event-free survival in a subgroup of patients who received intensive chemotherapy (OS: P =  0.024; EFS: P =  0.040). Moreover, multivariate analysis indicated that high ROBO3 expression was an independent risk factor for poor overall survival in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia patients who are younger than 60 and received intensive chemotherapy during remission induction. Bioinformatics analysis by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology revealed that high ROBO3 expression significantly altered cell adhesion and extracellular matrix-related pathways (adjusted P <  0.05). Taken together, the data demonstrate that ROBO3 is upregulated in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia and may be a potent biomarker of inferior prognosis.