An active cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticle, owning to membrane antigens and membrane structure, can achieve special properties such as specific recognition, long blood circulation, and immune escaping. Herein, we reported a cancer cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticle system as a theranostic nanoplatform. The biomimetic nanoparticles (indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded and cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, ICNPs) exhibit a core-shell nanostructure consisting of an ICG-polymeric core and cancer cell membrane shell. ICNPs demonstrated specific homologous targeting to cancer cells with good monodispersity, preferable photothermal response, and excellent fluorescence/photoacoustic (FL/PA) imaging properties. Benefited from the functionalization of the homologous binding adhesion molecules from cancer cell membranes, ICNPs significantly promoted cell endocytosis and homologous-targeting tumor accumulation in vivo. Moreover, ICNPs were also good at disguising as cells to decrease interception by the liver and kidney. Through near-infrared (NIR)-FL/PA dual-modal imaging, ICNPs could realize real-time monitored in vivo dynamic distribution with high spatial resolution and deep penetration. Under NIR laser irradiation, ICNPs exhibited highly efficient photothermal therapy to eradicate xenografted tumor. The robust ICNPs with homologous properties of cancer cell membranes can serve as a bionic nanoplatform for cancer-targeted imaging and phototherapy.

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2 is maintained during the charging-discharging for up to 10 000 cycles. For wearable applications, the flexible solid-state batteries can be used as reliable and portable sources to power different wearable electronics such as a commercial smart watch, electroluminescent panel, and color electroluminescence line, which shows their large potentials for use in next-generation flexible and wearable battery technologies.

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The inadequate oxygen supply in solid tumor causes hypoxia, which leads to drug resistance and poor chemotherapy outcomes. To solve this problem, a cancer cell membrane camouflaged nanocarrier is developed with a polymeric core encapsulating hemoglobin (Hb) and doxorubicin (DOX) for efficient chemotherapy. The designed nanoparticles (DHCNPs) retain the cancer cell adhesion molecules on the surface of nanoparticles for homologous targeting and possess the oxygen-carrying capacity of Hb for O 2 -interfered chemotherapy. The results show that DHCNPs not only achieve higher tumor specificity and lower toxicity by homologous targeting but also significantly reduce the exocytosis of DOX via suppressing the expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, multidrug resistance gene 1, and P-glycoprotein, thus resulting in safe and high-efficient chemotherapy. This work presents a new paradigm for targeted oxygen interference therapy by conquering hypoxia-involved therapeutic resistance and achieves effective treatment of solid tumors.

concerning active source leakage and shuttle effect should be addressed, as they result in a lack of carrier and backward loading processes. The insulating nature of elemental I 2 causes it to rely on conductive supporters (mostly porous carbon) to transport electrons and redox. However, the carbon materials currently confine I 2 solely by physical means including adsorption and impregnation, resulting in uneven loading and sluggish interactions, especially considering its electrical neutrality and large radius. [12,13] Another noticeable issue concerns the generation of polyiodides and the associated shuttle effect, which can lead to undesirable selfdischarge problems. [4] MXenes are represented with a general formula of M n+1 X n T x , where M represents the transition metal (Ti, Nb, Zr, Cr, etc.), X stands for C or N, and T x is the surficial termination. They are meant to be a more ideal new carrier for I 2 , due to their exceptional electrical conductivity, abundant surface terminations (O, F, OH, etc.), periodic layered microstructure, and arrayed interlayer gap. [14-21] Furthermore, the efficient electron transport of the MXene skeleton is believed to rescue the insulating active materials to achieve ultrafast reaction kinetics. Meanwhile, the nanoscale interlayer galleries potentially confine the reaction products to suppress the common shuttle behavior. [22-29] Besides, the ceramic nature of MXenes is capable of buffering the inevitable volume change, hence escorting the composite Weak binding and affinity between the conductive support and iodine species leads to inadequate electron transfer and the shuttle effect. Herein, redox kinetics and duration are significantly boosted by introducing a Nb 2 CT X host that is classified as a layered 2D Nb-based MXene. With a facile electrodeposition strategy, initial I − ions are electrically driven to insert in the nanosized interlayers and are electro-oxidized in situ. Linear I 2 is firmly confined inside and benefits from the rapid charge supply from the MXene. Consequently, an aqueous Zn battery based on a Zn metal anode and ZnSO 4 electrolyte delivers an ultraflat plateau at 1.3 V, which contributes to 84.5% of the capacity and 89.1% of the energy density. Record rate capability (143 mAh g −1 at 18 A g −1) and lifespan (23 000) cycles are achieved, which are far superior to those of all reported aqueous MXenes and I 2-metal batteries. Moreover, the low voltage decay rate of 5.6 mV h −1 indicates its superior anti-self-discharge properties. Physicochemical analyses and density functional theory calculations elucidate that the localized electron transfer and trapping effect of the Nb 2 CT X MXene host are responsible for enhanced kinetics and suppressed shuttle behavior. This work can be extended to the fabrication of other I 2-metal batteries with long-lifetime expectations. Aqueous halide iodine batteries, which transport electrons through the direct conversion reaction between an I 2 element and I − ions, are increasingly getting noticed for their cost-ef...

An inter-halogen strategy is proposed to activate and stabilize the unrealized I0/I+ redox in aqueous Zn ion batteries.

Summary The safety and efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs are critical for maximizing the beneficial impacts of well-controlled blood glucose on the prognosis of individuals with COVID-19 and pre-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Metformin is the most commonly prescribed first-line medication for T2D, but its impact on the outcomes of individuals with COVID-19 and T2D remains to be clarified. Our current retrospective study in a cohort of 1,213 hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 and pre-existing T2D indicated that metformin use was significantly associated with a higher incidence of acidosis, particularly in cases with severe COVID-19, but not with 28-day COVID-19-related mortality. Furthermore, metformin use was significantly associated with reduced heart failure and inflammation. Our findings provide clinical evidence in support of continuing metformin treatment in individuals with COVID-19 and pre-existing T2D, but acidosis and kidney function should be carefully monitored in individuals with severe COVID-19.