Cancer Cell Membrane–Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Homologous-Targeting Dual-Modal Imaging and Photothermal Therapy

Abstract

An active cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticle, owning to membrane antigens and membrane structure, can achieve special properties such as specific recognition, long blood circulation, and immune escaping. Herein, we reported a cancer cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticle system as a theranostic nanoplatform. The biomimetic nanoparticles (indocyanine green (ICG)-loaded and cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, ICNPs) exhibit a core-shell nanostructure consisting of an ICG-polymeric core and cancer cell membrane shell. ICNPs demonstrated specific homologous targeting to cancer cells with good monodispersity, preferable photothermal response, and excellent fluorescence/photoacoustic (FL/PA) imaging properties. Benefited from the functionalization of the homologous binding adhesion molecules from cancer cell membranes, ICNPs significantly promoted cell endocytosis and homologous-targeting tumor accumulation in vivo. Moreover, ICNPs were also good at disguising as cells to decrease interception by the liver and kidney. Through near-infrared (NIR)-FL/PA dual-modal imaging, ICNPs could realize real-time monitored in vivo dynamic distribution with high spatial resolution and deep penetration. Under NIR laser irradiation, ICNPs exhibited highly efficient photothermal therapy to eradicate xenografted tumor. The robust ICNPs with homologous properties of cancer cell membranes can serve as a bionic nanoplatform for cancer-targeted imaging and phototherapy.

Macrophages loaded CpG and GNR-PEI for combination of tumor photothermal therapy and immunotherapy

“…Significantly improved gene transfection efficiency was achieved by this novel system compared with commercial PEI, due to their capacities of targeting to tumor cells and escape from endo-lysosomal compartments. Although dramatic contributions to tumor therapy have been achieved by GNR based nanocarriers, as exogenous materials, they can be recognized and cleared immediately by immune systems once injected into the bloodstream, which severely restricts their clinical application [21][22][23][24].…”

T Cell Membrane Mimicking Nanoparticles with Bioorthogonal Targeting and Immune Recognition for Enhanced Photothermal Therapy

“…[13] With hypotonic lysis, mechanical membrane disruption (VCX130 ultrasonics processor, USA) and then differentialspeed centrifugation (OptimaTM MAX-XP, Beckman, USA), the T cell membrane (10 7 ) was obtained. [13] With hypotonic lysis, mechanical membrane disruption (VCX130 ultrasonics processor, USA) and then differentialspeed centrifugation (OptimaTM MAX-XP, Beckman, USA), the T cell membrane (10 7 ) was obtained.…”

“…[13] Blood samples of mice were centrifuged at 16 000 g for 5 min, and then the plasma was used to evaluate the blood circulation time curve. The major organs, tumors and urine/feces were homogenized in 6 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to extract the ICG, and then centrifuged for 15 min at 9000 rpm.…”

“…[13] As compared to INPs, ICG concentration in the blood of N 3 -TINPs was significantly higher than that of INPs at 15 min post injection ( Figure S6, Supporting Information). [13] As compared to INPs, ICG concentration in the blood of N 3 -TINPs was significantly higher than that of INPs at 15 min post injection ( Figure S6, Supporting Information).…”

Cell membrane-derived nanomaterials for biomedical applications

“…Upconversion nanoparticles, which have high utility for in vivo applications due to their ability to take advantages of tissue-penetrating infrared light, have been coated with macrophage membrane or cancer cell membrane, and they can be effectively targeted to tumors [235,236]. Small molecules such as indocyanine green have also been loaded inside polymeric cores, and cancer cell membrane-coated versions of these nanoparticles have likewise demonstrated utility for imaging applications [237]. …”