<p>A case of primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma occurring in chronic myeloid leukemia</p>

Abstract

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) are two different origins of hematological malignancies, which rarely occur at the same time. Moreover, NHL secondary to CML is common in T cell lymphoma, while NHL of B cell origin is rare. Since 1999, only 22 cases with B cell lymphoma have been reported, of which 4 cases have diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The lesions of DLBCL were in lymph node, liver, jejunum, and soft palate. To our knowledge, it has no report for the primary gastric DLBCL (PG-DLBCL) occurring in CML. Here we reported a 63-year-old man of chronic phase (CP) CML associated with PG-DLBCL. The patient was diagnosed with CML nearly eight years ago and was treated with imatinib and nilotinib successively. However, gastroscopy found malignant lesions in the patient’s stomach in March 2018, and the masses were diagnosed as PG-DLBCL. Subsequently, with the treatment of the RCOP + lenalidomide regimen chemotherapy for 3 cycles, the patient achieved nearly complete remission (CR).

High grade B-cell lymphoma developed in the course of chronic myeloid leukemia treatment with bosutinib

“…Sasaki K et al reported 31 (0.2%) CML patients with secondary lymphoma, but their clinical courses are unknown. Table 1 showed the detailed clinical course of lymphomas that developed during TKI treatment in CML patients [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . Among them, imatinib was the most commonly used medication, while there were no reports of patients who were treated with bosutinib.…”

HHV8-Negative Effusion-Based Large B Cell Lymphoma Arising in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients under Dasatinib Treatment: A Report of Two Cases

“…By contrast, the few reported EBV/HHV8-negative LBCLs arising during imatinib did not resolve with TKI discontinuation, but required active treatment [3,4]. Kaji, D. et al reported the results of a retrospective analysis of a series of HHV8negative primary effusion-based lymphoma, demonstrating a favorable outcome with anthracycline based chemotherapy.…”

“…Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) are exceptional side effects during CML treatment with TKIs [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Although clonal expansion of T-large granular lymphocytes (T-LGL) [ 8 ] and reactive follicular hyperplasia [ 9 ] were reported with dasatinib, overt LPDs are extremely rare and have particularly been described in association with first generation TKI imatinib [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

“…LPDs are rarely described during TKIs treatment in CML patients, specifically with imatinib [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. EBV-positive LPDs are reported in only three CML imatinib-treated patients [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

“…By contrast, the few reported EBV/HHV8-negative LBCLs arising during imatinib did not resolve with TKI discontinuation, but required active treatment [ 3 , 4 ].…”