Nanozyme‐based tumor catalytic therapy has attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, its therapeutic outcomes are diminished by many factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as insufficient endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, hypoxia, and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, an immunomodulation‐enhanced nanozyme‐based tumor catalytic therapy strategy is first proposed to achieve the synergism between nanozymes and TME regulation. TGF‐β inhibitor (TI)‐loaded PEGylated iron manganese silicate nanoparticles (IMSN) (named as IMSN‐PEG‐TI) are constructed to trigger the therapeutic modality. The results show that IMSN nanozyme exhibits both intrinsic peroxidase‐like and catalase‐like activities under acidic TME, which can decompose H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and oxygen (O2), respectively. Besides, it is demonstrated that both IMSN and TI can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment, resulting in macrophage polarization from M2 to M1, and thus inducing the regeneration of H2O2, which can promote catalytic activities of IMSN nanozyme. The potent antitumor effect of IMSN‐PEG‐TI is proved by in vitro multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) and in vivo CT26‐tumor‐bearing mice models. It is believed that the immunomodulation‐enhanced nanozyme‐based tumor treatment strategy is a promising tool to kill cancer cells.

Inspired by the photosynthesis process of natural plants, multifunctional transistors based on natural biomaterial chlorophyll and organic semiconductors (OSCs) are reported. Functions as photodetectors (PDs) and light‐stimulated synaptic transistors (LSSTs) can be switched by gate voltage. As PDs, the devices exhibit ultrahigh photoresponsivity up to 2 × 106 A W−1, detectivity of 6 × 1015 Jones, and Iphoto/Idark ratio of 2.7 × 106, which make them among the best reported organic PDs. As LSSTs, important synaptic functions similar to biological synapses are demonstrated, together with a dynamic learning and forgetting process and image‐processing function. Significantly, benefiting from the ultrahigh photosensitivity of chlorophyll, the lowest operating voltage and energy consumption of the LSSTs can be 10−5 V and 0.25 fJ, respectively. The devices also exhibit high flexibility and long‐term air stability. This work provides a new guide for developing organic electronics based on natural biomaterials.

Lead‐free perovskite materials are exhibiting bright application prospects in photodetectors (PDs) owing to their low toxicity compared with traditional lead perovskites. Unfortunately, their photoelectric performance is constrained by the relatively low charge conductivity and poor stability. In this work, photoresponsive transistors based on stable lead‐free bismuth perovskites CsBi3I10 and single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are first reported. The SWCNTs significantly strengthen the dissociation and transportation of the photogenerated charge carriers, which lead to dramatically improved photoresponsivity, while a decent Ilight/Idark ratio over 102 can be maintained with gate modulation. The devices exhibit high photoresponsivity (6.0 × 104 A W−1), photodetectivity (2.46 × 1014 jones), and external quantum efficiency (1.66 × 105%), which are among the best reported results in lead‐free perovskite PDs. Furthermore, the excellent stability over many other lead‐free perovskite PDs is demonstrated over 500 h of testing. More interestingly, the device also shows the application potential as a light‐stimulated synapse and its synaptic behaviors are demonstrated. In summary, the lead‐free bismuth perovskite‐based hybrid phototransistors with multifunctional performance of photodetection and light‐stimulated synapse are first demonstrated in this work.

Controlling mechanochemistry by varying milling conditions.

The COVID‐19 pandemic has taken a significant toll on people worldwide, and there are currently no specific antivirus drugs or vaccines. Herein it is a therapeutic based on catalase, an antioxidant enzyme that can effectively breakdown hydrogen peroxide and minimize the downstream reactive oxygen species, which are excessively produced resulting from the infection and inflammatory process, is reported. Catalase assists to regulate production of cytokines, protect oxidative injury, and repress replication of SARS‐CoV‐2, as demonstrated in human leukocytes and alveolar epithelial cells, and rhesus macaques, without noticeable toxicity. Such a therapeutic can be readily manufactured at low cost as a potential treatment for COVID‐19.

Immobilized penicillin G acylase (PGA) as an important industrial catalyst can catalyze penicillin G potassium (PG) to 6‐aminopenicillanic acid (6‐APA). 6‐APA is an important intermediate for semisynthetic penicillin drugs, which occupies a huge market space in the anti‐inflammatory field; as a result, immobilized PGA occupies a huge market space in the pharmaceutical field. However, at present, there are different degrees of defects in the preparation and production process of immobilized PGAs on the market because of the huge demand; therefore, the performance of immobilized PGA and its productivity will bring huge economic benefits to enterprises. Therefore, research on immobilized PGA has always been a focus. This review first introduces the source, classification, structure, and catalytic mechanism of PGA and then studies the development of immobilization methods, immobilized carriers, reaction media, enzyme activity regeneration, and reactors of immobilized PGA in recent years.

Lycopene β-cyclase is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, which catalyzes the β-cyclization of both ends of lycopene to produce β-carotene. Lycopene β-cyclases are found in a wide range of sources, mainly plants and microorganisms. Lycopene β-cyclases have been extensively studied for their important catalytic activity, including for use in genetic engineering to modify plants and microorganisms, as a blocking target for lycopene industrial production strains, and for their genetic and physiological effects related to microorganic and plant biological traits. This review of lycopene β-cyclases summarizes the major studies on their basic classification, functional activity, metabolic engineering, and plant science.

It is still challenging and attractive to prepare polyurethane (PU) materials with excellent self-healing ability while improving their mechanical properties and high ductility. Here, a multifunctional linear PU supramolecular elastomer was successfully prepared by introducing a cross-linking network of quadruple hydrogen bonds and thermo-reversible Diels–Alder bonds and rigid ring structure to the linear backbone. The results exhibited that the obtained PU elastomer displayed a high tensile strength (6.30 MPa), elongation (1957.84%), toughness (84.48 MJ/m3), and excellent repair efficiency (93.33%). The quadruple hydrogen bonds from 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2-aminouracil and thermo-reversible Diels–Alder bonds from the conjugated reaction of 4,4′-bismaleimide diphenylmethane with furfuryl alcohol, due to its synergetic dual reversible bonds, formed the PU elastomer that possessed excellent mechanical, self-healing, shape recovery, and reprocessing properties. The prepared multifunctional PU can be used as a substrate for flexible conductive materials or as conductive composite material with conductive materials, which can self-repair many times when the surface is damaged, can be recycled, and greatly improve the service life of the material. Therefore, the prepared multifunctional high-performance self-healing PU materials have potential applications in several fields.