Under high-penetration of renewable energy, power grid is facing with the development problems such as production delay, wind and solar power abandoning. With the continuous growth of renewable energy installation such as wind power, photovoltaic (PV), as well as the increase of power generation capacity, it is urgent to increase peak-load and frequency regulation capacity on a large scale to alleviate the consumption problems caused by large renewable energy integration, and then requires power generation enterprises of peak-load and frequency regulation to increase relevant equipment assets. As a result, peak-load and frequency regulation enterprises must carry out scientific cost management of equipment assets. This paper introduces the concepts, developments and perspectives of life cycle cost (LCC) management of equipment assets in high-penetrated renewable energy power grid, and probes into cost collection and estimation scheme in the process of equipment asset management.
A general and comprehensive course teaching management system is developed, so that different teachers in different colleges may use this system to manage their courses and teaching work. The system's front-stage provides users with login, query and search capabilities, and students can query related learning resources, assignment submission, scores, and attendance. The backstage offers effective management from colleges to curriculum subjects and provides teachers with management of teaching resources, student attendance, assignments, and notice board. Teachers and students can use the message board for communication and question answering. The PHP is used as the core programming language to manipulate the MySQL database, and Html, CSS and JavaScript are used for designing the web pages.
The innate immune response is a host defense mechanism that induces type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokines. Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins have recently emerged as pivotal regulators of type I interferon production in mammals. Here, we first identified duck TRIM29, which encodes 571 amino acids and shows high sequence homology with other bird TRIM29 proteins. DuTRIM29 inhibited IFN-β and IRF7 promoter activation in a dose-dependent manner and downregulated the mRNA expression of IFN-β, IRF7, Mx and IL-6 mediated by duRIG-I. Moreover, duTRIM29 interacted and colocalized with duMAVS in the cytoplasm. DuTRIM29 interacted with duMAVS via its C-terminal domains. In addition, duTRIM29 inhibited IFN-β and IRF7 promoter activation and significantly downregulated IFN-β and immune-related gene expression mediated by duMAVS in ducks. Furthermore, duTRIM29 induced K29-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of duMAVS to suppress the expression of IFN-β. Overall, our results demonstrate that duTRIM29 negatively regulates type I IFN production by targeting duMAVS in ducks. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating the innate immune response by TRIM proteins in ducks.
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