This study was conducted to determine the types, frequencies and the affecting factors of peer bullying among 6 th , 7 th , and 8 th grade students of secondary schools in a city center in Cappadocia. Materials and Methods: A total of 3.059 students were attending secondary schools in a city center and this study sample consists of 1.288 students. Prior to the study, approval from the ethical council and institute, as well as written consent from students and their families were obtained. Data were collected via individual information forms and the Traditional Peer Bullying scale by the researcher through face-to-face interviews and the data obtained were evaluated by chi-square, single, and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: It was determined that the mean age of the students was 12.81±0.93 years, of them 51.7% were girls, 12.0% did bullying, 15.9% were exposed to bullying, 52.1% were exposed to verbal bullying, and 13.4% were exposed to physical bullying. Multiple logistic regression revealed that the most important factors affecting the bullying of other students were family structure, attitude towards school, and gender; those factors affecting exposure to bullying were attitude toward school, body mass index, and economical status. As the age of the students increased by one year, the likelihood of bullying increased by 1.2 times. Boys were bullied 1.5 times more than girls, and the students of separated parents were bullied 2.7 times more than those whose parents stayed together (p<0.05). Conclusion: As bullying within schools is an important problem, it may be advisable to take into account the factors affecting bullying (age, gender, economic situation, family structure, attitude toward school, etc.) when conducting studies to prevent bullying in schools.

Objective:This study aimed to determine the effect of the positive parenting program (Triple P) on child maltreatment, children's behaviors, and coping strategies of mothers.Materials and Methods:This study was the pretest-posttest quasiexperimental design. Secondary care state hospital located in the Cappadocia region between January and February 2016. This study was conducted with mothers (n: 138) of children aged between 4 and 12 years, 126 mothers were available to finish the study. Triple P was provided to the mothers in totally three sessions as once per a week. Mothers filled the scales and parent-child information form before the intervention and just after the intervention. Parent-child information form, child behavior checklist, and ways of coping inventory were administered to the mothers.Results:It was determined that after the training, mean scores obtained by the children from the subscales of anxiety, social problems, somatic complaints, attention problems, rule-breaking, and aggressive behaviors decreased (P < 0.05) and desperate approach and submissive approach mean scores of the mothers decreased (P < 0.001) whereas their social support mean scores increased (P < 0.05). In addition, the mothers, who stated that they were frequently looking angry (17.4%), yelling (24.6%), sometimes humiliating (27.7%) to their children, and injured their faces (6.3%) in the past 1 month, said that they did these behaviors to their children at lower rate at the end of the training (3.9%, 17.4%, 19.8%, and 0.0%, respectively).Conclusions:It was determined that Triple P was effective in reducing children's behavioral problems and improving mothers' strategies of coping with stress and contributed the reduction of emotional and physical abuse applied to children. It is recommended to ensure the continuity of these training programs.

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Bu çalışma, Sağlık Yüksekokulu hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin klinik uygulamaya çıkmadan önce kaygı düzeylerinin ve stresle başa çıkma tarzlarının belirlenmesi amacı ile tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı olarak yapılmıştır. Materyal-Method: Çalışma Şubat-Mart 2010 tarihleri arasında bir sağlık yüksekokulunda, klinik uygulamaya çıkacak olan 1. 2. ve 3. sınıf hemşirelik bölümü öğrencileri üzerinde yapılmıştır. Okulda öğrenim gören toplam öğrenci sayısının az olması nedeniyle (N=250), çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden öğrencilerin tümü (n:140) araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Veriler anket formu, Durumluluk Kaygı Envanteri (DKE) ve Stresle Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği (SBTÖ) kullanılarak toplanmış, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Independent t, One Way ANOVA (Post hoc: Bonferroni), Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis Varyans Analizi ve Pearson Korelasyon testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada öğrencilerin %82' sinin kız, %59'unun 18-20 yaş grubunda, %90'ının şehir dışından geldiği, %44'ünün arkadaşları ile birlikte evde kaldığı belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerden %59'u bölüme isteyerek geldiğini, %54'ü iş garantisi olduğu için bölümü tercih ettiğini, %83'ü mesleği sevdiğini ifade etmiştir. Öğrencilerin %82'si klinik uygulamaya çıkmadan önce genellikle hastane ortamına bağlı bilinmezlik, yanlış yapma ve sınıfta kalma korkusu nedeni ile gerginlik-sıkıntı yaşadıklarını ve %63'ü bu sorunlarla baş etmeye çalıştıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Çalışmada, kız öğrencilerin kaygı puan ortalamaları 45,49±10,49, erkek öğrencilerin 40,00±12,35 olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ayrıca, kız öğrencilerin SBTÖ alt grup puan ortalamalarından çaresiz yaklaşım, erkek öğrencilerin ise iyimser yaklaşım puan ortalamalarının yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç:Öğrencilerin klinik uygulamalardan istenilen kazanımları sağlayabilmeleri için; klinik uygulamaya çıkmadan önce stres ve kaygı yaşama durumlarının belirlenerek baş etmelerinin güçlendirilmesi önerilmektedir.

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Summary Today ÖzetGünümüzde ileri evre kanser hastalarının palyatif bakımı için çok yönlü yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu hastalar için temel hedef ağrı ve diğer semptomların giderilmesi, psikososyal ve spiritüel gereksinimlerinin karşılanması ve yaşam kalitelerinin yükseltilmesidir. Bunun yanında bakım verici aile üyelerin fiziksel ve psikososyal gereksinimlerinin karşılanması talepleri karşımızda durmaktadır. Amacı hasta ve ailesine bütüncül bir yaklaşımla etkili ve kaliteli bakım sunma olan, bakım koordinasyonu ve multidisipliner ekip iş birliğine dayalı yaklaşımlardan biri vaka yönetimidir. Vaka yönetiminde multidisipliner ekip tarafından hazırlanan bakım protokolleri kullanılmaktadır. Bakım protokolü belirlenen hasta bakım sonuçlarına ulaşmak için ilgili disiplinler tarafından yapılması gereken aktiviteleri belli bir zaman çizelgesi üzerinde gösteren, multidisipliner bir klinik yönetim aracıdır. Palyatif bakım protokolünde hasta ve ailesi için ulaşılacak hedefler, tanı, tedavi ve bakım uygulamaları, ekip üyelerinin sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Birçok rehber ve uzman bir ekip ile geliştirilen bu bakım protokolünün palyatif bakım aktivitelerine katkı sağlayacağı ve bu hastalarla çalışan ekip üyelerine yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.Anahtar sözcükler: Bakım protokolü; multidispliner ekip; palyatif bakım; vaka yönetimi.

and coping strategies of families who had a disabled child and the relationships between them.Design and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted with 191 parents of children with disabilities.Findings: As the life satisfaction of childcare providers increased, their emotional exhaustion decreased and sense of personal accomplishment increased (p < 0.05).Practice Implications: It is necessary that nurses and health team members should provide regular and continuous education for burnout, life satisfaction, family stress and coping styles to parents of disabled children using interactive education techniques and group interactions.burnout, coping with stress, disabled child, life satisfaction parent | INTRODUCTIONHaving a child with a disability is a crisis situation that can affect the quality of life of family members, the gender roles of parents, their economic expenses, their working status, their health, stress situations, their decision to maintain a marriage, and their decision to give birth to a new child. 1 The presence of a disabled person in the family generates ongoing problems in every period of life. Living with a disabled individual requires adaptation and causes some limitations in the lives of family members. 2,3 The birth of the disabled child or the subsequent disability situation causes difficulties and changes as the family members adapt to the new conditions, family structure, and relationships with each other and their inner worlds. 4 It is emphasized that this situation, which is difficult to get used to, affects parents' close environment economically, socially, and psychologically. 2,3,5 In addition, disability in children affects the emotional burden in the family, the social support for families is low, 6 and the physical and mental health of mothers, especially, is negatively affected due to their higher responsibility for these children. 7 Families need help and support in dealing with the stressful and long-term changes required to care for a child with disabilities. Therefore, it is important for nurses who care for children with disabilities and their families to know these families, to know their lives, and to plan family-centered nursing care. The nurse should make a holistic and family-centered care plan using many roles and independent functions such as educator, counselor, advocate, decision maker, and caregiver while carrying out her studies in this field. 8,9 Research indicates that the gathering of families with similar problems has positive effects, professional support services for families reduces stress, family burdens, 6 and burnouts, and increase their satisfaction. 10,11 Nurses, who have a responsibility to provide This study was presented as an oral presentation in the 1st International 2nd National Public Health Nursing Congress, April 23-26, 2018, Ankara.holistic care to families, should advise these families on coping with stress and take initiatives to increase their social support. 10,12,31 Despite descriptive studies in the literature rega...

This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the risk factors which affect obesity in preadolescents. Materials and Methods:The sample of the study consisted of 500 preadolescents (girls: n=271, boys: n=229) attended in 18 secondary schools in the Cappadocia region of Turkey, and their parents. Data were collected using a questionnaire, the body weight, height, and waist circumference of the preadolescents were measured; the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-toheight ratio were calculated. Results: Of preadolescents; 14.4% were obese, 11.4% were overweight, 35.2% had abdominal obesity, and 27% had likehood of being at high metabolic and cardiovascular risk based on their waist/height ratio. According to the results of binary multiple logistic regression analysis (the backward stepwise procedure), the presence of an obese person in the family (boys), mother's educational level (girls), leisure time activities (girls), and an increase in eating according to mood (girls) were revealed as significant predictors of being overweight/obese, adjusted for age. Satisfied with current body weight and mother's BMI were the strongest variable to be associated with overweight/obese for both genders. Conclusion: For early diagnosis and prevention of obesity in childhood, it is recommended to perform height-weight monitoring of students regularly, monitor risky children more frequently, provide training and consultancy for students and parents regarding balanced diets and physical activity, and provide the school-family cooperation. Amaç: Bu çalışma preadölesanlarda obeziteyi etkileyen risk faktörlerini belirlenmek amacıyla kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye'de Kapadokya Bölgesinde bulunan bir il merkezindeki 18 ortaokulda öğrenim gören 500 preadölesan (kız: 271, erkek: 229) ve onların ebeveyni oluşturmuştur. Veriler Anket Formu ile toplanmış, preadölesanların vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu ve bel çevresi ölçülmüş, Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ), bel/boy oranı hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Ergenlerin %14.4'ünün obez, %11.4'ünün fazla kilolu, %35.2'sinin abdominal obez, bel/boy oranına göre %27'sinin metabolik ve kardiyovasküler hastalıklara yakalanma açısından riskli grupta olduğu belirlemiştir. Çoklu logistik regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, ailede obez birey varlığı (erkek), annenin eğitim düzeyi (kız), boş zaman aktiviteleri (kız), duygusal duruma göre yemek yeme artışı (kız) fazla kilolu/obez olmanın anlamlı yordayıcıları olarak saptanmıştır. Mevcut vücut ağırlığından memnuniyet ve annenin BKİ'si, her iki cinsiyet için de fazla kilolu/obezite ile ilişkilendirilen en güçlü değişken olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Çocukluk çağı obezitesinin erken belirlenmesi ve önlenmesi için düzenli aralıklarla öğrencilerin boy kilo izleminin yapılması, riskli çocukların daha sık izlenmesi, dengeli ve düzenli beslenme ile fiziksel aktiviteye ilişkin ebeveyn ve öğrencilere eğitim ve danışmanlık verilmesi, okul-aile işbirliğinin sağlanması önerilebilir.