Difficulty in understanding and applying physics concepts is a problem that is often encountered in learning. Therefore, problem-solving abilities are needed in physics learning. The ability to solve problems in physics learning is an ability that students must have to find solutions to a problem, especially in understanding and applying physics concepts. Problem-solving in physics learning is certainly better if teachers explain directly. However, in certain situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers cannot help students directly. In hybrid learning, face-to-face learning can still be done virtually. Research in the last 10 years publish through reputable journals in various countries in the word (Taiwan, Belgia, Jerman and Indonesia) were are analyzed for the purpose of this article with the help of NVIVO 12 Software. Results of the analysis from various articles found that hybrid learning is a learning model that can be used as an alternative to help students solve problems in physics learning. For this reason, hybrid learning needs to be given serious support for the current learning process and teachers need to be given special and continuous training in the use of this learning model the learning process can be carried out well even in difficult situations like today.

Choosing a career as an Early Childhood Education Teacher is both challenging and joyful.  Not everyone is interested in this profession except for those who have strong motivation. This study aims to identify students’ exact motivation to select the Early Childhood Education Department at Public University. This study uses combined qualitative and quantitative methods (exploratory mixed methods design). Sources of qualitative data were taken from twenty informants through in-depth interviews and analyzed using NVivo 10 analysis software, while sources of quantitative data were taken from a hundred correspondents and analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Both qualitative and quantitative data analyses showed that students have seven motivations to select the Early Childhood Education Department. Those seven motivations are: i) parents encouragement (81%); ii) job opportunities after graduation (83%); iii) loving kids (85%); iv) teaching is a noble profession (100%); self-will (70%); vi) the choice to be a teacher (76%); and vii) Early Childhood Education is not difficult, but joyful (80%). The study has successfully revealed seven students’ motivations for selecting the Early Childhood Education Department at Public University. This study’s results can be used as preliminary data for subsequent researchers to examine this problem in different contexts and issues. This study’s findings need to be continued by the next researcher by examining the correlation between motivational aspects with various other variables. However, this data can also be used as an initial reference for examining the issues and problems in different contexts.

In general, problems that occur in the actual are the discovery of instruments that have not been tested for problem solving abilities. The aim of this research is to reveal the content validity and interrater reliability of the instrument for evaluating the problem solving abilities that have been prepared. The research method is used a quantitative description by 3 expert judgments, they are experts in research and evaluation, mathematics education experts, and mathematics teachers. The instrument was developed in the form of an expert observation sheet with 3 aspects of assessment, they are the aspect of content eligibility, construction aspects, and language aspects, which of each aspect has 4 categories, which are very relevant, relevant, quite relevant, and highly irrelevant. Data were analyzed using the Aiken's V formula to determine the level of instrument validity and to determine the level of consistency / constancy between assessors using Instraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis with the help of SPSS version 23.0. the results of analysis of the content validity of all items valued above 0.3 which means that all aspects assessed by experts are valid. Interrater reliability test using ICC obtained a value of 0.516, which means that all aspects of the instrument for evaluating problem solving abilities that have been rated have a level of consistency. Thus, the instrument of problem-solving ability that has been tested for validity and reliability can be used by educators to determine the level of students' problem solving abilities appropriately

This study aims to design and to see the effectiveness of virtual geometry (VirGO) mobile application in learning mathematics based on Augmented Reality (AR). To create a virtual geometry application, the writer uses the three stages prototype method, making an AR software application using Unity3D, the process of modelling with Blender, and using Vuforia to develop augmented reality and marker. The experiment involves one hundred and twenty students in three junior high schools in Padang. The results of the study show that VirGO based on augmented reality has three advantages namely (1) the availability to display the detail objects and learning material realistically, (2) its interactivity supported by cutting-edge and powerful videos, images and animations features, and (3) increasing students’ interest in learning mathematics and reducing boredom. The results of this study have proved that learning mathematics will be interesting and more memorable if the teacher has the will and creativity in making various learning media.

Microteaching is one of training concept that can be applied at various pre-service and in-service stage in the professional development of teacher, and also prepare the teacher to be professional teacher. The purpose of this research is to develop microteaching learning model for Education of Islamic Religion (PAI) teacher candidate through guided practice which is integrated with Islamic values. This study is an early development of the ADDIE model, data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires and interviews. The primary data source in this study are students and lecturers, while secondary data sources are teachers in the School / Madrasah. The findings of the research indicated that the ability of PAI teacher candidates in conducting learning practice is not as expected, and still requires a touch of Islamic values such as in the basic ability of guided teaching, opening and closing learning, giving reinforcement and integrating material explanations with Islamic teaching resources (Quran and Hadith). The data for basic teaching skills are only about 10% were proficient, 40% are considered as fair, and 50% were poor. The expected outcomes in this study are the introduction of an Islamic-based practice guide for teaching Microteaching and expected to improve the teaching ability of prospective teachers in LPTK. If microteaching learning is neglected, it will have a negative impact on the professionalization of Education of Islamic Religion (PAI) teachers during Field Experience Practices at School / Madrasah. Data analysis was through data reduction, data presentation and drew conclusions. Many teachers are able to teach, even using a method that is advanced, but not yet professional in educating. Allah SWT has given the mandate through Al-Quran Surah Ali Imran verse 159: It is because of Allah's grace that you are gentle in their behalf, if you are being harsher again, they will abstain from your surroundings. The solution understands the learning of Microteaching comprehensively. Microteaching should be integrated with Islamic values, have skills; understand the methods, strategies, learning models. Moreover, it also understands the competencies such as pedagogic competence, professional, personal, social, and leadership skills. The integration of Islamic values is necessary in order to produce an active, creative, fun and Islamic teacher.