Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the district of Sumadija (central part of Serbia). Methods: All persons suffering from MS, with permanent residence in the region, were recruited. Prevalence was calculated on December 31, 2006, according to a standard procedure. Results: On December 31, 2006, one hundred ninety-four patients (72 males and 122 females) were found to have MS. We found a crude MS prevalence of 64.9/100,000 (49.3/100,000 for males and 79.9/ 100,000 for females). The highest prevalence rates were registered in the age group of 30–39 years for females and 40–49 years for males, although the age-specific rates were higher in females in all age groups. The mean age at onset was 34.2 ± 9.3 years. The average duration of MS was 8.9 ± 6.2 years. The median EDSS score was 3.9 ± 2.0. The course of MS was relapsing-remitting in 63.9% of patients, secondary progressive in 32.5%, and primary progressive in 3.6%. At MS onset, motor symptoms were present in 70.1% of patients, sensory in 40.7%, cerebellar in 21.1%, brainstem in 15.5%, visual in 22.2%, and bowel/bladder disturbances in 22.2%. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the MS prevalence registered in the Serbian district Sumadija is similar to that of other surrounding areas in Southeastern Europe.
Душана Шакан 2 Катедра за психологију, Факултет за правне и пословне студије "Др Лазар Вркатић", Нови Сад, Србија Жељка бојанић, Катедра за психологију, Факултет за правне и пословне студије "Др Лазар Вркатић", Нови Сад, Србија Зорица Кнежевић, Катедра за психологију, Факултет за правне и пословне студије "Др Лазар Вркатић", Нови Сад, Србија Резултати досадашњих истраживања указали су на повезаност стилова родитељства и самопоштовања адолесцената, али се још увек недовољно зна о механизмима који стоје у основи тих релација. Стога је циљ овог истраживања био да се испита улога особина личности као медијатора у односу између стилова родитељства и самопоштовања адолесцената. На узорку од 450 ученика основних школа (53,6% девојчица, 46,4% дечака) узраста од 13 до 15 година примењени су упитник интерперсоналних понашања родитеља, Розенбергова скала самопоштовања и инвентар за процену особина личности BFI. Предиктори су били подршка од стране оца/мајке, критеријум самопоштовање, а медијатори особине личности. Резултати медијаторских анализа индикују да су сви тестирани модели директних и индиректних ефеката статистички значајни. Bootstrapping показатељ указује на то да су екстраверзија, савесност, пријатност и отвореност према искуству статистички значајни медијатори тестираних релација, док једино неуротицизам није. Основни закључак нашег истраживања је 1 Рад је настао у оквиру пројекта Проактивно понашање младих као основа друштвеног интегритета и просперитета бр. 142-451-3555/2017 који финансира Покрајински секретаријат за високо образовање и научноистраживачку делатност Аутономне покрајине Војводине. 2The results of previous studies suggest a correlation between parenting styles and adolescents' self-esteem, yet the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain insufficiently known. This study therefore aimed to examine the role of personality traits as mediators between parenting styles and adolescents' self-esteem. The sample consisted of 450 primary school students (53.6% female) aged 13 to 15, and the data was collected using the Parental Interpersonal Behavior Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the BFI personality traits inventory. The predictors were paternal/maternal support, the criterion was self-esteem, and the mediators were personality traits. The results of mediation analyses indicate that all tested models of direct and indirect effects are statistically significant. Bootstrapping suggests that extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience are statistically significant mediators of the relationships tested, while neuroticism is not. The main conclusion of our study is that there is an overlap in measuring parenting styles and children's self-esteem, and that their relationship depends on children's personality. In addition, results suggest that paternal and maternal parenting styles have an almost equal effect on children's self-esteem. These findings can contribute to a better understanding of parental influences on adolescents' self-esteem, as well as pro...
Background/Aim. Many recent studies have focused on investigation the differences in personality traits and its role in promoting health and in moderating vulnerability to adversities and illness. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of somatic complaints in moderating the relationship between personality traits operationalized in KON-6 model and positivity. Methods. The sample consisted of 512 students, 23.83 years old in average, 56.3% were female, 23% reported the presence of somatic complaints. In investigation were used the Positivity Scale measuring positivity and the Cybernetic Battery of Conative Tests KON-6, measuring the activity of 6 dynamic personality traitsactivity regulation system (ε), organic function regulation system (χ), defense reactions regulation system (α), attack regulation system (ζ), homeostatic system coordination(δ) and regulation system integration (η). Results. All of the conative personality traits were significantly correlated with positivity, except for ζ. The subsample with somatic complaints reported higher scores in α and η traits, suggesting higher levels of anxiety and social reality impairment. The personality traits together with presence of somatic complaints significantly explained 26% of positivity variance, positively predicting positivity with higher activity of ε, and negatively with higher activity of α and δ. The moderating role of somatic complaints was found in two specific relations. Positivity can be predicted in a reverse manner by homeostatic system coordination (δ) but only in students with low somatic complaints, which is also the case for organic function regulation system (χ) but only in the presence of high somatic complaints. Conclusion. The positivity represents a good organizational and regulation disposition for regulating the cognitive, dynamic and motoric functions. It is also partially moderated by presence of somatic complaints. Practical benefit of these findings represents a concrete support for developing positivity in people, in order to empower people's health. ApstraktUvod/Cilj. Nedavna istraživanja su se bavila utvrdjivanjem razlika u crtama ličnosti i njihove uloge u promociji zdravlja i modereriranju osetljivosti na nesreće i bolest. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se istraži moderatorska uloga somatskih tegoba i relacija crta ličnosti operacionalizovanih putem KON-6 modela i pozitivnosti. Metode. Istraživanje je rađeno na uzorku od 512 studenata, prosečne starosti 23.83 godine, 56.3 % ženskog pola, 23% sa somatskim tegobama. U istraživanju je korištena Skala pozitivne orijentacije koja meri pozitivnost i Kibernetska baterija konativnih testova KON-6 koja meri šest dinamskih crta ličnosti -Sistem regulacije aktiviteta (ε), Sistem regulacije organskih funkcija (χ), Sistem regulacije odbrambenih reakcija (α), Sistem regulacije napada (ζ), Homeostatsku koordinaciju sistema (δ) i Integrativnu regulaciju sistema (η). Rezultati. Sve konativne dimenzije ličnosti značajno su i adekvatno korelirale sa pozitivnošću, izuzev ζ, dok je poduzorak...
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