This study uses a load sensor with a macro-bending on polymer optical fiber loop model which is placed between two plates with a buffer spring. The load sensor with light intensity modulation principle is an infrared LED emits light through the polymer optical fiber then received by the phototransistor and amplifier. Output voltage from the amplifier continued to arduino sequence and displayed on the computer. Load augment on the sensor resulted in an increase of curvature on polymer optical fibers that can cause power losses gets bigger too. This matter will result in the intensity of light that received by phototransistor getting smaller, so that the output voltage that ligable on computer will be getting smaller too. The sensitivity and resolution load sensors analyzed based on configuration with various amount of loops, imperfection on the jacket, and imperfection at the cladding and core of polymer optical fiber. The results showed that the augment on the amount of load, imperfection on the jacket and imperfection on the sheath and core polymer optical fiber can improve the sensitivity and resolution of the load sensor. The best sensors resolution obtained on the number of loops 4 with imperfection 8 on the core and cladding polymer optical fiber that is 0.037 V/N and 0,026 N. The advantages of the load sensor based on polymers optical fiber are easy to make, low cost and simple to use measurement methods.
Onion ( Alliumwakegi Araki) is a popular herb and vegetable commodity that can be used as a flavoring dish or traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the effect of light intensity for callus growth. This research was conducted at Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University using Completely Random Design (RAL) with a single factor that is light intensity (A) consisting of 3 levels, i.e., 0-100 lux (A1), 300-800 lux (A2) and 1000-4000 lux (A3). The results showed that the onion cultured on the light intensity 1000-4000 lux accelerated the formation of onion callus varieties of lembahpalu. This callus began to form at 13.17 days after cultured. The light intensity 300-800 lux accelerated callus formation at a high percentage and embryonic callus cells. The percentage of callus formation reached 32.46%, resulting callus color was white up to 4 WAC (Week After Culture). The average color of white callus was found on 4 WAK with the average texture of crumb callus, while at the 6th and 8th WAC the color of callus was yellow.
This study presents stability analysis using a new approach to model the disturbances that occur in multi-machine systems connected with wind turbines. Consideration of stability and operability of conventional electric power systems planning and developing facing problems with the integration of installations in wind power plants (WPP) is needed because the current system is connected with renewable energy. This study highlighting the effects of WPP connected to a multi-engine 9 bus system from the effect of changes in disturbances occurring on several buses when operating. Disruption in multi-machine systems connected with wind turbines can affect system stability. The noise changes from bus to bus in the voltage drop effect on the system bus. The effect of wind turbine when a fault has a small moment of inertia can make the system unstable on the bus. The results of simulations carried out using ETAP to observe system stability have been carried out. The simulation results show that a system disruption that occurs in a multi engine system connected to the wind turbine does not result in a decrease in the bus near the fault then the stability decreases.
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