COVID-19 adalah penyakit menular disebabkan SARS-CoV-2 yang telah menyebar menjadi pandemi di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. COVID-19 dapat berupa penyakit ringan atau sampai kematian dan obat untuk COVID-19 belum ada. Indonesia merupakan negara yang kaya akan tanaman herbal, yang sudah banyak digunakan di masyarakat. Dua tanaman herbal yang sering digunakan adalah jahe dan serai. Berdasarkan penelitian tanaman ini dapat memelihara kesehatan dan meningkatkan sistem imun. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan tentang manfaat jahe serai dan keterampilan membuat wedang jahe serai dalam rangka peningkatan sistem imun pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan dan demonstrasi pembuatan wedang jahe serai serta mengikutsertakan responden untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam pembuatan wedang jahe serai. Pada pengabdian masyarakat ini didapatkan hasil adanya peningkatan pengetahuan responden mengenai manfaat wedang jahe serai dan cara pembuatannya. Diharapkan setelah pengabdian masyarakat ini responden dapat menerapkan dan mengaplikaskan pengetahuan yang didapatkan dalam rangka meningkatkan sistem imun pada masa pandemi COVID-19
Background:In the Competence Standards of Indonesian Doctor (SKDI) which will ratify, interprofessional communication and collaboration are competencies that Indonesian doctors must own. Therefore, the implementation of interprofessional education (IPE) is a must for medical education institutions. Medical Faculty of the Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta (FK UPNVJ) has not specifically built the IPE module but has introduced aspects for interprofessional collaboration in the curriculum. Evaluation of the perceptions and readiness of students about IPE learning in students of academic year 2, 3 and 4 using the Indonesian version of The Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) and Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) showed that there were no differences in IEPS scores on student years 2nd and 3rd but decreased in 4th year students and the best RIPLS scores in the 3rd year and decreased in the 4th year. Against these results, intervention recommendations are needed to obtain results following the demands and expectations. Objectives: This study aims to obtain recommendations made based on disscussion and analysis of teaching staff of the FK UPNVJ about the results of evaluating perceptions and readiness of the FK UPNVJ at the academic stage. Methods: The research was a phenomenological qualitative research. Data collection through the opened-ended on Focus Group Discussion and in-depth interviews with teaching staff of the FK UPNVJ.Results: The teaching staff stated the importance of implementing interprofessional education by forming a curriculum. The curriculum must be more focused on interprofessional communication and collaboration since the academic stage. This implementation can be done well if get full support from the dean and the rector. The teacher staff, dean and rector's commitment to the implementation of interprofessional education is the demand as well as the hope for the implementation of interprofessional education Conclusion: The obligation to implement interprofessional education is not natural, but it is not impossible. Several things can be done so that doctors graduating from FK UPNVJ can own communication and interprofessional collaboration competencies.
Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff., a shrubby stove plant, has been used traditionally to treat various diseases. This review summarizes the up-to-date data about its phytochemistry and pharmacological properties and provides a perspective and direction for future research. The phytochemical analysis of G. pictum revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, glycoside, tannins, saponin, chlorophyll, nontoxic alkaloid, and anthocyanin. Meanwhile, the pharmacological analysis revealed that this plant possessed various activities such as antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-analgetic, woundhealing, anti-hemorrhoid, anti-diabetic, and estrogenic effects. However, most of its pharmacological activities were based on the crude extracts and the bioactive compounds responsible for the bioactivities have not been well identified. A further detailed investigation in phytochemistry to identify the bioactive compounds and to investigate the mechanism action of its bioactivities is required. Moreover, a toxicology study is also needed to develop a standardized formulation of G. pictum preparation and to fulfill the requirements of modern phytomedicine.
Background: Pityriasis versicolor or Tinea versicolor is a skin disease caused by the Malassezia furfur which is often found in Indonesia. People can use anti-fungal drugs to treat this disease. However, long-term use of anti-fungal drugs is relatively more expensive and can have side effects for its users. Cocoa bean husk contains flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids which have anti-fungal effects. This study aimed to determine the antifungal effectiveness of the cocoa bean husk extract on the growth of M. furfur. Subjects and Methods: This was an experimental study using cocoa bean husk extract with a concentration variance of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, with a positive control for ketoconazole 2% and a negative control using distilled water. The test was carried out by the well diffusion method using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar media. The inhibition of fungal growth was calculated by looking at the clear zone formed after 48 hours. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Post hoc Mann Whitney statistical tests. Results: The mean diameter of the inhibition zone at a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% was 3.42 mm, 4.07 mm, 4.9 mm, and 7.3 mm, respectively, and it was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Cocoa bean husk extract has weak anti-fungal effectiveness at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75%, while at 100% it has moderate effectiveness. Keywords: antifungal, Pityriasis versicolor, cocoa bean shell, well diffusion, Malassezia furfur Correspondence: Yuni Setyaningsih. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.01
Background: Stroke causes severe disability and mortality. Despite the fact that the pathology of acute stroke is well understood, publication on chronic stroke is still limited. Because scarring of glia limits the recovery area of acute stroke and reorganization capacity is reduced, discovering new treatments for chronic stroke poses substantial obstacles. In stroke research, rodent models are commonly utilized, and behavior testing is a crucial tool. To measure stroke outcomes and translating rodent findings to therapeutic trials, selecting relevant behavioral tests that fit the study purpose is critical. Here, we aimed to look at the last decade’s publications highlighting behaviour tests on chronic stroke rats. Hopefully, we were able to give more information about the behaviour tests to facilitate the researchers’ choice of appropriate test. Methods: By using a bibliometric analysis, we hope to systematically discuss rodent behavior tests in chronic stroke research. Documents were extracted from the Scopus database in April 2022. Excel and VOSviewer 1.6.18 were used to conduct statistical and graphical analysis. Results: Research on "behavioral test in chronic stroke rats" has progressed quickly, although the researchers have yet to collaborate with each other. H. Millani was an active researcher and author who connected numerous researchers, according to documents and citation analysis. “Animals”, “brain ischemia”, “man”, “publication”, and “animal experiment” were all common keywords. The majority of the articles were from the United States and China. The Morris Water Maze test and the cylinder test were the most commonly used behavior tests. Conclusions Clinical applications and therapeutic effectiveness against stroke could be improved with more collaboration amongst authors. When using a behavior test, researchers need to think about which neurological deficiency is being addressed and whether the test covers long-term evaluation.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, good immunity was needed to avoid the corona virus infection. One of the efforts to prevent corona virus infection was to increase the body's immune status. High body immunity can be obtained from eating healthy foods, getting adequate rest and avoiding stress / mental stress. One local wisdom of the people in Indonesia to increasing immunity level was the habit of consuming herbal drinks which were believed to increase immunity level because there were several very useful ingredients. One of the herbal drinks made from ginger and lemon was JASULE (Jahe Susu Lemon), which was a ginger milk drink with lemon added. In this training, the participants were given material about the importance of the herbal drink JASULE (Jahe Susu Lemon). The importance of growing ginger and lemon as a medicinal plant in the yard. Also given training in making JASULE drink until all participants can make it themselves. The training activities for making herbal drinks JASULE to increase body immunity level during the Covid-19 Pandemic were held in Pangkalan Jati Cinere, Depok. This activity was well received by all participants with enthusiasm and the questions asked. Participants gained additional knowledge and skills in making herbal drinks JASULE, which can be seen from the increasing in post test scores after counseling and training in making herbal drink JASULE to increasing body immunity level during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Pangkalan Jati Cinere, Depok was 42.4% ie from 47.9% to 90.3%.
Trichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophytosis etiology. The antifungal agent has several problems such as fungal resistance and therapy side effects. Cacao (Theobroma cocoa L.) bean shells extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins which have an antifungal effect. This study aimed to test the in vitro cacao bean shells extract antifungal (especially: Trichophyton rubrum) effectiveness by agar well diffusion method. This was an experimental study with a post-test only control group design. This study used cacao bean shells extract concentration 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, ketokonazol as positive control, and aquadest as negative control. The average inhibition diameter of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% cacao bean shells extract concentration were 10.65 mm, 18 mm, 26.92 mm, and 37.22 mm, respectively, while the ketoconazole inhibition diameter was 51.52 mm. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc with Mann-Whitney. The results showed significant differences between each treatment group (p0.05). Cacao bean shells extract had an antifungal effect in inhibiting the growth of Tricophyton rubrum invitro.Keywords: Trichophyton rubrum, Cacao Bean Shells, Antifungal, Agar Well Diffusion Method, ABSTRAKTrichophyton rubrum adalah penyebab paling umum dermatofitosis. Obat dermatofitosis (antijamur) memiliki beberapa masalah seperti resistensi dan efek samping terapi. Ekstrak cangkang biji kakao (Theobroma cocoa L.) mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, dan saponin yang memiliki efek antijamur. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji efektivitas antijamur (khususnya Trichophyton rubrum) ekstrak cangkang biji kakao secara in vitro dengan metode difusi agar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan post-test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsentrasi ekstrak cankang biji kakao 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%, ketokonazol sebagai kontrol positif, dan aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif. Rata-rata diameter hambat konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% secara berturut-turut yaitu: 10,65 mm, 18 mm, 26,92 mm, dan 37,22 mm, sedangkan daya hambat ketoconazole adalah 51,52 mm. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan post hoc dengan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara masing-masing kelompok perlakuan (p 0,05). Ekstrak cangkang biji kakao memiliki efek antijamur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Tricophyton rubrum invitro.Kata kunci: Trichophyton rubrum, Anti-jamur, Cangkang Biji Kaka, Metode Difusi Sumuran Agar
Dimasa pandemi Covid-19 ini, imunitas yang baik sangat diperlukan untuk menghindari tertularnya infeksi virus corona. Salah satu upaya mencegah infeksi virus corona adalah dengan meningkatkan status imunitas tubuh. Imunitas tubuh yang baik bisa didapatkan dari mengkonsumsi makanan sehat, istirahat yang cukup dan menghindari stress/tekanan batin. Satu kearifan lokal masyarakat di Indonesia dalam meningkatkan imunitas adalah kebiasaan mengkonsumsi minuman herbal yang dipercaya dapat meningkatkan imunitas tubuh karena terdapat beberapa kandungan yang sangat bermanfaat. Salah satu minuman herbal yang berasal dari bahan jahe dan lemon adalah Jasule yaitu minuman jahe susu dengan ditambahkan lemon. Dalam pelatihan ini peserta penyuluhan diberikan materi tentang pentingnya kandungan minuman herbal Jasule Jahe Susu Lemon. Pentingnya menanam jahe dan lemon sebagai salah satu tanaman obat di pekarangan. Serta diberikan pelatihan pembuatan minuman Jahe Susu Lemon sampai semua peserta benar benar bisa membuatnya sendiri. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan minuman herbal Jasule Jahe Susu Lemon untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 dilaksanakan di Desa Pangkalan Jati Cinere Depok. Kegiatan ini dapat diterima dengan baik oleh peserta penyuluhan terlihat dengan antusiasme dan pertanyaan yang diajukan. Peserta mendapatkan tambahan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam membuat minuman herbal Jasule Jahe Susu Lemon dapat dilihat dengan terdapatnya peningkatan nilai post test setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan minuman herbal Jasule Jahe Susu Lemon untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Pangkalan Jati Cinere Depok sebesar 42,4% yaitu dari 47,9% menjadi 90,3%.
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