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Introduction: Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a diffuse palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and early periodontal destruction. Only a few PLS cases are reported by dermatological clinicians due to its rarity.Here, we reported a 16-year-old Chinese boy presented with diffuse transgradient palmoplantar hyperkeratosis since 4 years of age.Case presentation: The patient had also experienced recurrent episodes of swollen gums with premature loss of teeth. He is treated with multidisciplinary approaches. On follow-up, he continued to have recurrent gingival inflammation.Discussion: The etiopathogenesis of PLS is obscure and its management presents a special challenge, which call for in-depth studies that will reveal the complex interactions of genetic, immunologic, and microbiological factors involved in pathogenesis of PLS. Conclusion:PLS is a very rare genodermatosis with characterized palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Dermatological clinicians should be aware of this rare clinical entity to promote its early diagnosis.