Congenital triangular alopecia: A brief report

Zhao, Yu-Lei; Zhang, Ru‐Zhi

doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_68_18

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Triangular alopecia is typically an isolated finding, but it has been associated with Down syndrome, PPK, Dandy–Walker malformation, and a variety of other congenital disorders and syndromes. There are currently no effective treatment options for those with triangular alopecia, but patches of hair loss remain stable and asymptomatic throughout patients’ lives [19].…”

Section: Congenitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hair loss are generally though bilateral hair loss been reported in up to 20% of patients. Triangular alopecia is typically noted in children less than 6 years of age and is diagnosed at birth in up to 1/3 of cases [19,20]. Dermoscopy shows normal follicular openings with vellus hairs [19].…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Triangular alopecia is typically noted in children less than 6 years of age and is diagnosed at birth in up to 1/3 of cases [19,20]. Dermoscopy shows normal follicular openings with vellus hairs [19]. The absence of yellow or black spots, exclamation point hairs, and dystrophic hairs helps to differentiate triangular alopecia from other nonscarring hair loss disorders like alopecia areata.…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localized hair loss in infancy: a review

McKenzie

Castelo‐Soccio

2021

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review The current review will address the different causes of localized hair loss in infancy. The data presented here will provide clinicians with the latest understanding of different disorders leading to localized hair loss and will provide recommendations for further management of infants who present with alopecia. Recent findings Localized hair loss in infancy is common, but its underlying causes vary greatly. Alopecia in infants can be categorized into congenital, genetic, inflammatory, mechanical, and physiologic causes. Decisions regarding further management are complex, as they often involve not only cosmetic concerns, but also work-up of possible systemic medical issues related to hair loss. Summary Clinicians must be able to distinguish between the different causes of infantile hair loss so that appropriate work-up and further management can be pursued. Factors such as physical appearance, timing of presentation, dermoscopic exam, histopathology, and associated systemic features can help lead clinicians to the correct diagnosis in the case of an infant with localized alopecia.

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Section: Congenitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Localized hair loss in infancy: a review

McKenzie

Castelo‐Soccio

2021

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Alopecia areata: A psychodermatological perspective

Torales

Castaldelli-Maia

Ventriglio

et al. 2021

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune dermatological disease that could be influenced by psychological factors as part of the pathophysiology of the illness. Aims This review article aims to report on psychodermatological and psychopathological aspects involved in the etiopathogenesis and comorbidities of AA, as well as on the psychiatric and psychological management of affected patients. Methods We conducted a literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar from January 1980 to May 2021 employing the search terms of alopecia areata, psychological factors, psychological impact, psychodermatology, and psychopathology. All lists of references from the identified articles were screened for further relevant studies. The search was limited to English and Spanish language articles and was supplemented with themed books and book chapters. No specific quality criteria were used for the studies selection. Results Several authors have found a high comorbidity rate between AA and mental disorders, concluding that stress and psychological factors are involved in both the development and exacerbation of the illness. More evidences are needed in order to describe the associations between the immune response, stress, and the physiological factors observed in AA patients. Conclusion AA is a complex illness characterized by multifactorial etiology. An interaction between genetic, autoimmune, hormonal, neural, and psychological factors is supposed. Psychopathological aspects of illness need to be better described and considered in the clinical setting.

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Childhood Alopecia Areata: An Overview of Treatment and Recent Patents

Hon

Luk

Leung

et al. 2021

IAD

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Background: Alopecia Areata (AA) is a systemic autoimmune condition which usually starts in childhood. Objective: This article aims to review genetics, therapy, prognosis and recent patents for AA. Methods: We used clinical queries and keywords of “alopecia areata” AND “childhood” as search engine. Patents were searched using the key term “alopecia areata” in Patents.google.com and freepatentsonline.com. Results: Due to an immune mediated damage of the hair follicles, hair is lost from the scalp and other areas of the body temporarily or even permanently. Children with AA are generally healthy. Evidence of genetic association and increased predisposition for AA was found by studying families with affected members. Pathophysiologically, T- lymphocytes attack hair follicles and cause inflammation and destruction of the hair follicles and hair loss. In mild cases, there would be well demarcated round patchy scalp hair loss. The pathognomonic “exclamation mark hairs” may be seen at lesion periphery. In more severe cases, the hair loss may affect the whole scalp and even the whole body. The clinical course is also variable which may range from transient episodes of recurrent patchy hair loss to an indolent gradually deteriorating severe hair loss. The treatment of AA depends on factors including patients’ age, extent of the hair loss, duration of disease, psychological impact, availability and side effect profile of the treatments. For localized patchy alopecia, topical application of corticosteroids and/or intralesional corticosteroids are the treatment of choice. Other topical treatments include minoxidil, anthralin, coal tar and immunotherapy. In severe resistant cases, systemic immunosuppressants may be considered. Although herbal medicine, acupuncture, complementary and alternative medicine may be tried on children in some Asian communities, the evidence to support these practices are lacking. To date, only few recent patents exist in topical treatments including Il-31, laser and herbal medications. Clinical efficacy is pending for these treatment modalities. Conclusions: None of the established therapeutic options are curative. However, newer treatment modalities including excimer laser, interleukin-31 antibodies and biologics are evolving so that there may be significant advances in treatment in the near future. AA can be psychosocially devastating. It is important to assess the quality of life, degree of anxiety, social phobia and mood of the patients and their families. Psychological support is imperative for those who are adversely affected psychosocially.

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Congenital triangular alopecia: A brief report

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Localized hair loss in infancy: a review

Localized hair loss in infancy: a review

Alopecia areata: A psychodermatological perspective

Childhood Alopecia Areata: An Overview of Treatment and Recent Patents

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