No abstract

Novelmanganese(II), iron(III), cobalt(II), nickel(II), and copper(II) chelates were synthesized and studied using elemental analysis (EA), infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and conductivity, as well as magnetic measurements and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The azo-ligand 1-[(4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-2-naphthol (HL) chelates to the metal ions via the nitrogen and oxygen centers of the azo group and the hydroxyl, respectively. The amounts of H2O present and its precise position were identified by thermal analysis. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to theoretically elucidate the molecular structures of the ligand and the metal complexes. Furthermore, the quantum chemical parameters were also evaluated. The antimicrobial properties were evaluated against a group of fungal and bacterial microbes. Interestingly, the bioactivity of the complexes is enhanced compared to free ligands. Within this context, the CuL complex manifested the lowest activity, whereas the FeL complex had the greatest. Molecular docking was used to foretell the drugs’ binding affinity for the structure of Escherichia coli (PDB ID: 1hnj). Protein-substrate interactions were resolved, and binding energies were accordingly calculated.

The development of scaffold-based nanofilms for the acceleration of wound healing and for maintaining the high level of the healthcare system is still a challenge. The use of naturally sourced polymers as binders to deliver nanoparticles to sites of injury has been highly suggested. To this end, chitosan (CS) was embedded with different nanoparticles and examined for its potential usage in wound dressing. In detail, chitosan (CS)-containing zinc sulfide (ZnS)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite films were successfully fabricated with the aim of achieving promising biological behavior in the wound healing process. Morphological examination by SEM showed the formation of porous films with a good scattering of ZnS and ZrO2 nanograins, especially amongst ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS film. In addition, ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS displayed the lowest contact angle of 67.1 ± 0.9°. Optically, the absorption edge records 2.35 eV for pure chitosan, while it declines to 1.8:1.9 scope with the addition of ZnS, ZrO2, and GO. Normal lung cell (WI-38) proliferation inspection demonstrated that the usage of 2.4 µg/mL ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS led to a cell viability % of 142.79%, while the usage of 5000 µg/ mL led to a viability of 113.82%. However, the fibroblast malignant cell line exposed to 2.4 µg/mL ZnS/ZrO2/GO@CS showed a viability % of 92.81%, while this percentage showed a steep decline with the usage of 5000 µg/ mL and 2500 µg/mL, reaching 23.28% and 27.81%, respectively. Further biological assessment should be executed with a three-dimensional film scaffold by choosing surrounding media characteristics (normal/malignant) that enhance the selectivity potential. The fabricated scaffolds show promising selective performance, biologically.

The development of wound dressing materials with appropriate specifications is still a challenge to overcome the current limitations of conventional medical bandages. In this regard, simple and fast methods are highly recommended, such as film casting. In addition, deliverable nanoparticles that can act to accelerate wound integration, such as samarium oxide (Sm2O3) and magnesium oxide (MgO), might represent a potential design with a novel compositional combination. In the present research, the casted film of cellulose acetate (CA) was mixed with different ratios of metal oxides, such as samarium oxide (Sm2O3) and magnesium oxide (MgO). The tests used for the film examination were X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM graphs of CA films represent the surface morphology of Sm2O3@CA, MgO@CA, and Sm2O3/MgO/GO@CA. It was found that the scaffolds’ surface contained a high porosity ratio with diameters of 1.5–5 µm. On the other hand, the measurement of contact angle exhibits a variable trend starting from 27° to 29° for pristine CA and Sm2O3/MgO/GO@CA. The cell viability test exhibits a noticeable increase in cell growth with a decrease in the concentration. In addition, the IC50 was determined at 6 mg/mL, while the concentration of scaffolds of 20 mg/mL caused cellular growth to be around 106%.

The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic meta-analysis on echocardiographic measurements in normal Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses. The current systematic meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). All the available published papers on the reference values of echocardiographic assessment via M-mode echocardiography were searched, and fifteen studies were finally selected for analysis. In both fixed and random effect, the confidence interval (CI) for the interventricular septum (IVS) was 2.8–3.1 and 4.7–7.5; for the left ventricular free-wall (LVFW) thickness, it was 2.9–3.2 and 4.2–6.7; and for the left ventricular internal diameter (LVID), it was −5.0–4.6 and −10.0–−6.7, respectively. For IVS, the Q statistic, I-squared, and tau-squared were 925.3, 98.1, and 7.9, respectively. Similarly, for LVFW, all the effects were on the positive side of zero, with a range of 1.3–68.1. The CI indicated a significant variation among the studies (fixed, 2.9–3.2; random, 4.2–6.7). The z-values of LVFW for fixed and random effects were, respectively, 41.1 (p < 0.001) and 8.5 (p < 0.001). However, the Q statistic was 886.6 (p < 0.001). Moreover, the I-squared was 98.08, and the tau-squared was 6.6. By contrast, the effects of LVID fell on the negative side of zero, (2.8–83.9). The present meta-analysis provides an overview of the echocardiographic measurements of cardiac diameters in healthy Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses. The meta-analysis indicates variations in results among different studies. This result should be considered when evaluating a horse for heart disease and each case should be evaluated independently.