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The BAL cytokine profile (IL-1β, MIP-1α and IL-10) seems useful to differentiate ALR and infections.

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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare neoplasms that can involve the airway. Recent studies have shown their malignant behavior with local recurrence and potential metastatic spread; half of the cases are associated with anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangement. Complete surgical resection is recommended, when feasible. We present a case of a 26-year-old woman admitted to our institution with severe respiratory failure; she was affected with primary IMT of the trachea and underwent complete surgical resection.

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IntroductionUterine malignancies (UM) include different histologies with different behaviors and outcomes. Endometrial adenocarcinoma (EA) is the most frequent type followed by papillary serous adenocarcinoma (PSA) and uterine leiomyosarcoma (UL). According to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) (1) the percentage of new cases of endometrial cancer (EC) compared to all cancers every year is 3.6% with a rate of death equal to 1.8%. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents the most frequent cancer of the uterine cervix with an incidence of new cases every year of 0.8%. Most of UM show a good prognosis with a 5-year survival ranging between 65-80%; however, in a quarter of patients extrauterine disease statistically worsens long-term prognosis. The pattern of metastatic diffusion of UM is different between histologies; In fact EA and PSA commonly spread through the lymphatic pathway, whereas in UL and SCC hematogenous metastases are more frequent. The lung is the most common site of extrapelvic diffusion with an incidence ranging between 2.3% and 6.1% for EC and PSA (2-4); in patients with SCC and UL pulmonary recurrence occur in 10-20% and more than 60%, respectively (5-8). Pulmonary metastasectomy for UM was successfully performed in 1930 by Torek (9) and currently this procedure is recommended in selected patients when the primary tumor is controlled or controllable with no further extrapulmonary spread, complete resection is feasible and no better therapy is available. Survival after pulmonary metastasectomy varies in the literature and is affected by several prognostic factors as number of metastases, time of presentation after primary Original Article