Pengetahuan dan sikap sangat penting untuk keberhasilan pemberian susu badan. Tujuan penyelidikan ini adalah untuk menyelidik pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap dalam hal pemberian susu badan pada para ibu Indonesia yang bergabung dalam program Kelompok Pendukung Ibu (KP-Ibu). Seramai 221 ibu menyertai penyelidikan ini. Regresi bertingkat digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pemberian susu badan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengetahuan dan sikap mempengaruhi pemberian susu badan.

<span>Social-emotional competencies have been established as important predictors in children’s mental health, school readiness and academic success. Age and developmentally appropriate screening for preschool children is important for early detection of developmental delays and early intervention. The purpose of this study is to measure preschool children’s social emotional competencies (SEC) based on the Malaysian context using the Preschool Social Emotional Competency Inventory (P-SECI) developed to provide parents, teachers and childcare professionals with a standardized, norm-referenced, reliable and valid instrument.  A pool of 50 items were created for P-SECI, representing eight clusters of social emotional competencies in children: self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, relationship management, attachment, communication, responsible decision making and pro-social skills. This pilot study involved two public Annex preschools in Johor Bahru, purposely selected with 49 preschool children as respondents. Results showed that P-SECI has a high reliability index (Alpha Cronbach-Teachers .98 and Parents .95). Initial findings also showed that Teachers and Parents differ in their evaluation of their children’s SEC according to age and gender. But for the age criteria, the mean difference is slightly wider in comparison to gender. Therefore, P-SECI is relevant in predicting children’s mental health, school readiness and academic achievement. Results from the study also showed that the inventory holds promise as a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate SEC in young children according to the <br /> Malaysian context.</span>

BackgroundOne of the Indonesian health objectives set forth by the Department of Health is that by the year 2010, the proportion of mothers who exclusively breastfeed their infants should increase to 80%.1 Currently the percentage of those who are exclusively breastfeeding is about 32% . 2The justification for breastfeeding as the infant feeding method of choice continues to be well documented in the scientific literature. Significant nutritional, anti-allergenic, immunological and psychological benefits of breast milk have been identified. Many studies have described the unique advantages of human milk over artificial formulas. Clinical experiments have established the value of breastfeeding in preventing otitis media, gastroenteritis, asthma, shigella infection, and a variety of other diseases. For the mother, lactation facilitates a faster return to a prepregnant weight while suppressing ovulation for many. The economic advantage and the enhancement of the mother-infant bond have also been discussed as important benefits to breastfeeding.3,4 Endorsement for breastfeeding has come from

The focused objective of this work is to compare cognitive creativity with trait creativity in relationship with academic achievement. The development relating to creativity concerns the mental creativity as the influential factor in academic achievement while recent findings highlight the priority of personality creativity and emotional creativity in this link. This interpretation is based on the results of researches done in these areas of study. Despite the current attitude, mental dimension of creativity contributes to academic achievement as a more significant factor than its non-mental aspect. Concentration on trait and cognitive creativity affects educational system as the means for presenting and fostering creativity and innovation. Moreover, this trend influences the contemporary insight to creativity and its prerequisites not only in higher education but also in all levels of educational system.

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