This article, along with the general concept and theoretical foundations of motivation, considers the professional and social features of teacher motivation. The work independently studied the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of teachers on the basis of the theories of motivation of Maslow, McClelland and Herzberg. The main points of connection between the types of motivation were introduced.
This article presents some of the results of a sociological study regarding the role of teachers in the development of children and adolescents in Kazakhstan. The study was conducted by an independent research organization, the Center for Study of Public Opinion, it is a large-scale research project covering all regions of Kazakhstan, urban and rural areas. An empirical study of children and adolescents aged 8-17 years was conducted using a survey. In turn, the object of the study was divided into two groups according to the age of 8-12 and 13-17 years. The results of the 2005 respondents survey showed that teachers play an important role in the upbringing of children, they cultivate responsibility and respect for each other in children. For children and adolescents, teachers form social and national identity and personality formation, carry out educational work. The results also show that school teachers are in second place after families in shaping the worldview of children. In addition to the educational function, teachers play a kind of role of protectors and advisers, as almost every fifth minor turns to teachers for help in solving their problematic issues.
In this article analyses the problems of adaptation are grouped with explanations in accordance with the experience, social and professional characteristics of new teachers. During the period of the coronavirus pandemic, new requirements were set for teachers and the structural structure of teachers underwent many changes. The article describes the professional and social problems of new teachers. Features and explanations of the problems encountered at the beginning of the teacher's career were given. Socio-economic changes in society, the global coronavirus pandemic and reforms in the education system place new demands on teachers. Indicating the stages of professional development of the teacher, E.F. Zeer calls the main psychological changes of the period of professional and social adaptation: "mastering a new social role, the experience of independent professional activity, the acquisition of professionally important qualities." (Zeer EF, 2009) Mastering a new social role in the first years of a teacher creates many requirements and difficulties.
This article examines the attractiveness of the teaching profession in Kazakhstan. The educational reforms adopted in Kazakhstan in recent years affect various aspects of education and teacher training, at the same time they have had an impact on the atmosphere associated with education and the perception of the teaching profession. In the paper, attention is paid to the academic performance of school graduates who have chosen teaching as a profession, which can be considered as one of the main indicators of the attractiveness of this profession. The present study aims to determine the attractiveness of pedagogical specialties among school graduates against the backdrop of new state educational reforms. The analysis shows that there is a positive correlation between the average Unified National Testing (UNT) score and the average score of the high school diploma, that is, graduates with high UNT scores had good academic performance at the school. Attracting graduates with high UNT scores to teaching shows the attractiveness of this specialty. Comparative analysis reveals that teaching is one of the first choices for successful graduates. It is possible to state that the measures taken to increase the prestige of the teaching profession have positive results. The profession is chosen by applicants with fairly high UNT scores. The problem of the attractiveness of the profession should be studied both for candidates and for current teachers, so the next step in this direction should be to study the attractiveness of the profession among current teachers who enter the profession and stay in it.
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