Researchers believe that in recent decades in Kazakhstan the religious situation has changed, which was manifested in an increase of the number of believers who follow religious precepts and build their lifestyle according to them. Kazakhstan is a multi-ethnic country, where representatives of different ethnic and religious groups live. It is important to study the level of tolerance and religious harmony between different social groups. The article presents the results of the sociological study of tolerance and religious views in Almaty - the most populated city of Kazakhstan - based on the method of individual standardized interview. The results of the survey show the prevalence of tolerant relations for the majority of respondents said that they had not experienced any problems or insult based on their religious views. At the same time, the refusal to accept a person of another religion or other religious views as a member of one’s family is more typical for Moslems, namely of Kazakh and Uzbek ethnicity, and also for people with a low level of education and low incomes of the household. On the one hand, there is a clear desire for religious harmony; on the other hand, there are transformations of religious practices based not so much on the phenomenon of faith but on national traditionalism. The results of the survey prove that level of religious harmony is influenced to a certain extent by social-economic conditions.
Religious values as the most important component of the worldview can significantly affect various aspects of human life - from everyday practices to political preferences. The analysis of changes in religiosity shows that in the post-Soviet space, there is a clear tendency of the transition from atheistic attitudes to the religious revival. In the contemporary Kazakhstan society, a complex model of religious identity develops - it combines ideals and norms of religious consciousness with ideas of spirituality and national revival, but the confession values can often only be of an external, declarative nature. According to different studies, in Kazakhstan, the share of believers following religious practices increases. The question is whether people really observe religious rites and traditions and follow religious regulations. The article summarizes the results of the study conducted by the Center for the Study of Public Opinion to assess the religiosity of the Almaty urban community. The survey showed that the share of people who identify themselves as a part of some confession is significant; however, this is not a direct indicator of the increase in the number of true believers seeking to actively follow all religious rules and practices. The article presents the data on the activity of respondents in religious practices, their knowledge and understanding of some religious postulates. The study showed that the religious renaissance among the youth can be accompanied by undeveloped religious consciousness and insufficient religious knowledge, which provides grounds for the dissemination of pseudo-religious ideas including the extremist ones.
This article presents the results of the sociological survey of the Kazakhstan society on the issues of the information society and mass communication, which was a part of the programtargeted-funded project of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan “Development of information technologies and systems for the sustainable personal development as a foundation for the development of digital Kazakhstan”. The study aimed at identifying preferences of various social categories in the choice of news and socially significant topics in the media space, and at assessing the influence of news of different thematic focus on the personal sustainable development (psychological/emotional, social and intellectual stability). The comprehensive analysis of the media as a channel of social influence has become more urgent under the pandemic, which is reflected in the wide use of the term ‘infodemic’ to assess information processes since the first half of 2020. The article considers the information agenda when choosing and assessing the importance of news content in the Kazakhstan media. Based on the postulate about significant differences in the information agenda of different social groups, the authors focus on the main factors of trust in information channels. The empirical data showed a correlation between the social significance of news information and the level of social trust in media. The study is based on the theoretical model combining two complementary factors: on the one hand, the influence of the media as possessing if not a monopoly (P. Bourdieu) then significant preferences in affecting public opinion and value orientations of various groups; on the other hand, the media dependence as determined by supply and demand. Based on various theories of the information agenda setting, the authors confirmed the need to take into account the social-demographic characteristics when forming the media content - when it is necessary to convey some specific information to different social groups.
According to the UN Foundation, 400 women are killed every year as a result of domestic violence in Kazakhstan. For this reason, divorce rates are also increasing. There are thousands of cause of this social problem, and the social consequences can be burdensome for all social institutions if prevention measures are not currently studied and developed. For children who have seen their father beaten and humiliated in the family, this event becomes a “historical root” in the child’s memory. The Kazakh proverb about what you see from the nest, in interviews with our respondents, proved how the trace of their husbands’ childhood affected their family. Researchers say that children who have seen their mothers beaten by their fathers change their image of ‘mum’. Research on the topic has been conducted by the Public Opinion Research Center in December2019. Analysis and processing of research materials have been conducted until the end of March 2020. The purpose of the research: to identify the causes of domestic violence against women in Kazakhstani families, based on cases of women seeking help from the crisis center in Almaty.
This article presents some of the results of a sociological study regarding the role of teachers in the development of children and adolescents in Kazakhstan. The study was conducted by an independent research organization, the Center for Study of Public Opinion, it is a large-scale research project covering all regions of Kazakhstan, urban and rural areas. An empirical study of children and adolescents aged 8-17 years was conducted using a survey. In turn, the object of the study was divided into two groups according to the age of 8-12 and 13-17 years. The results of the 2005 respondents survey showed that teachers play an important role in the upbringing of children, they cultivate responsibility and respect for each other in children. For children and adolescents, teachers form social and national identity and personality formation, carry out educational work. The results also show that school teachers are in second place after families in shaping the worldview of children. In addition to the educational function, teachers play a kind of role of protectors and advisers, as almost every fifth minor turns to teachers for help in solving their problematic issues.
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