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BACKGROUND Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a life-threatening infection caused by saprophytic fungi. The purpose of this study was to describe common radiographic patterns that may be useful in predicting the diagnosis and assessing the extent of involvement of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in Covid and post Covid patients. METHODS The case records of patients with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis were reviewed. This included 200 patients of which 122 were males and 78 females, with a minimum age of 22 to a maximum of 80 years old. Computed tomography (CT) and / or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were retrieved from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS All the patients showed sinusitis and ophthalmological symptoms. CT and MR imaging showed predominant involvement of the maxillary (196, 98 %) and ethmoid (194, 97 %) sinuses. Involvement of the orbit (186, 93 %) and face (114, 57 %) preceded involvement of the pterygopalatine fossa (90, 45 %) and brain (52, 26 %). CT showed minimally enhancing hypodense soft tissue thickening as the predominant finding in involved areas, while MRI showed T2 isointense to mildly hypointense soft tissue thickening and heterogeneous post-contrast enhancement as the main finding. In patients with extra sinus extension, bone erosion was seen in 80 patients (40 %) but few (20, 10 %) of the patients showed extension across grossly intact appearing bones. CONCLUSIONS In the context of Covid-19 with immunosuppression, a pattern of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, ethmoid cells, and orbit inflammatory lesions should prompt the diagnosis of mucormycosis. Progressive and rapid involvement of the cavernous sinus, vascular structures and intracranial contents can occur. Multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography show anatomic involvement, helping in surgery planning. KEY WORDS Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral mucormycosis, Imaging Findings, MRI, Neuroradiology

A pilot study of 150 patients at premier medical institute of western Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. The purpose of this pictorial review article is to describe the most common manifestations and patterns of lung abnormality on CXR in COVID-19 in order to equip the medical community in its efforts to combat this pandemic. The varied spectra of COVID-19 presentation included fever, cough, shortness of breath, sore throat etc. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, COPD/K-Chest and CAD were found as major comorbid conditions. Symptomatic presentation of COVID-19 was observed to be higher in patients with co morbid disease, especially if multiple. HRCT chest in COVID-19 patients had a major diagnostic and prognostic importance as positive CT findings were more prominent in symptomatic patients and co-morbid patients. Clinical symptoms of patients directly correlated with CT severity index. CT imaging was found to be useful in predicting clinical recovery of patients or progression of disease. Introduction: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a highly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), declared as a pandemic on 11th March 2020. The chest imaging findings are nonspecific and most commonly show atypical or organizing pneumonia, often with a bilateral, peripheral and bi-basal predominant distribution. Our study is concerned with the data of COVID positive patients admitted in the institute for the period of March 16- May 17, 2020. Aims and Objectives 1) To correlate clinical and radiological spectra of covid positive patients and their final outcome. 2) To describe the spectrum of lung parenchyma changes in the symptomatic as well as asymptomatic in COVID- 19 patients. Review of literature: This case report series presents a summary of key findings frequently associated with COVID-19, which will assist radiologists and clinicians in preliminary clinical evaluation (PCE). Materials and Methods: The data for the study is sourced from clinically suspected patients from the Covid Ward, LLRM Medical College, Meerut,(U.P.),INDIA which were subjected to chest radiography on 60mAh portable X-Ray machine. The patients are followed up to correlate the findings with clinical outcome. The study has been conducted on a minimum of 150 patients with portable Chest X-Ray machine. Observations & Discussion: The most frequent findings encountered are airspace opacities are viz- Hazy pulmonary opacities, Bilateral lower lobe consolidations, Peripheral air space opacities, Uncommon CXR findings, Diffuse air space disease. Conclusion: Based on our study, few inferences have been deduced; A significant proportion of the clinically symptomatic cases shows characteristic radiological changes on chest X-ray and also how chest radiography can be used as a tool not to substitute but supplement RTPCR in evaluation of COVID positive cases. Keywords: Patchy areas of consolidation, shortness of breath, high resolution CT Scan, RTPCR.

Introduction: Knowledge of uterine and ovarian growth patterns during early age and puberty helps in investigating disorders of pubertal development i.e. precocious puberty, premature thelarche, or pubarche. There is a paucity of data for uterine and ovarian parameters. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to present normative data for Uterine length, Mean ovarian volume (MOV), and fundo cervical ratio (FCR) from 5 to 16 years in healthy girls from north India and to correlate these parameters with age, weight, height, and pubertal Tanner staging. Material and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed on 130 healthy girls age 5 to 16 years. Age, anthropometric parameters were measured and the pubertal stage was categorized using Tanner staging. All subjects underwent pelvic ultrasonography for the measurement of uterine and ovarian parameters. Results: Normative data of uterine length, MOV, and FCR were presented as mean, SD, median, and 95% confidence interval as per age and Tanner stage. A progressive increase in uterine length, MOV & FCR was observed with increasing age, weight, height, and Tanner stage (p < 0.001). A sudden significant increment in uterine length and MOV was observed between the age of 11-12 and 12-13 years (p < 0.001). Uterine length of < 4 cm, MOV < 2 cm 3 and FCR < 1 were specific to identify pre-pubertal girls. Conclusions: Normative data of uterine and ovarian parameters generated in our study by ultrasonography would be useful for screening girls with abnormalities of pubertal development.

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Acalvaria is a very rare congenital anomaly; thus, it is considered to be an orphan disease and is characterized by complete or partial absence of flat calvaria bones, lax skull, dura mater, and associated muscles. In this report, we describe a case of female neonate with primary acalvaria finding on neuroimaging associated with cleft palate.

Background: The association between spectrum of pulmonary infection and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presents an immediate and grave public health and socio-economic threat, particularly in the developing world. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the different patterns of pulmonary abnormalities in HIV patients, to define imaging features of each disease whether infective, non-infective or HIV associated pulmonary malignancy, to differentiate different pulmonary diseases in HIV patients on the basis of pattern of involvement and localization of lesions. Materials and Methods: The cases were selected based on all patients referred to the Department of Radiology, LLRM Medical College, Meerut with proven HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection which was clinically suspected of pulmonary infections. HRCT was done. Results: Total 60 cases of HIV/AIDS with suspected pulmonary disease were studied. Out of which 39 were male and 21 were female. Out of which 51.67 % of patients were diagnosed as having pulmonary TB, followed by bacterial infection in 10 % cases and fungal infection like aspergillus in 5%, pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in 2% & cryptococcus in 1% patients, ILD in 3% and thromboembolism in 1% patients while 23.3% of our study did not reveal any significant abnormality. Conclusion: Various findings such as pulmonary TB being the most common infection and most common HRCT finding in pulmonary TB were nodular opacity can be obtained from the present study. HRCT is a highly sensitive tool for detecting parenchymal abnormalities and allows better characterization of the lesions, with better reproducibility and less interobserver difference. Keywords: interstitial lung disease, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Miliary tuberculosis, Pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia.