MYB transcription factors have been demonstrated to play key regulatory roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress response. However, knowledge concerning the involvement of rice MYB genes in salinity and drought stress resistance are largely unknown. In the present study, we cloned and characterized the OsMYB6 gene, which was induced by drought and salinity stress. Subcellular localization of OsMYB6-YFP fusion protein in protoplast cells indicated that OsMYB6 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of OsMYB6 in rice did not suggest a negative effect on the growth and development of transgenic plants, but OsMYB6 -overexpressing plants showed increased tolerance to drought and salt stress compared with wild-type plants, as are evaluated by higher proline content, higher CAT and SOD activities, lower REL and MDA content in transgenic plants under drought and salt stress conditions. In addition, the expression of abiotic stress-responsive genes were significantly higher in OsMYB6 transgenic plants than that in wild-type plants under drought and salt stress conditions. These results indicate that OsMYB6 gene functions as a stress-responsive transcription factor which plays a positive regulatory role in response to drought and salt stress resistance, and may be used as a candidate gene for molecular breeding of salt-tolerant and drought-tolerant crop varieties.
This meta-analysis of overweight and obesity (ow/ob) among children and adolescents in China from 1991 to 2015 provides a reference for promoting the healthy development of children and adolescents. The studies were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and PubMed databases for the period from January 1991 to January 2018. The data were combined and analyzed, and the combined effect magnitude odds ratio and the 95% confidence interval were calculated. Publication bias was determined using Stata/SE12.0. We found that (1) the prevalence of ow/ob increased from 5.0% and 1.7% in 1991–1995 to 11.7% and 6.8% in 2011–2015, respectively, and the overweight rate was the greatest in 2006–2010; (2) from 1991 to 2015, the prevalence of ow/ob was greater in urban areas than in rural areas; (3) compared with girls, boys were more likely to be ow/ob; and (4) the prevalence rates of ow and ob were greater in infancy than in other growth stages, with values of 11.7% and 7.0%, respectively. The prevalence of ow/ob among Chinese children and adolescents showed significant differences based on region, sex, and age. An overall upward trend was observed that decreased slightly from 2011 to 2015.
Endothelial tip cell outgrowth of blood-vessel sprouts marks the initiation of angiogenesis which is critical in physiological and pathophysiological procedures. However, how mechanical characteristics of extracellular matrix (ECM) modulates tip cell formation has been largely neglected. In this study, we found enhanced CD31 expression in the stiffening outer layer of hepatocellular carcinoma than in surrounding soft tissues. Stiffened matrix promoted sprouting from endothelial cell (EC) spheroids and upregulated expressions of tip cell-enriched genes in vitro . Moreover, tip cells showed increased cellular stiffness, more actin cytoskeleton organization and enhanced YAP nuclear transfer than stalk and phalanx ECs. We further uncovered that substrate stiffness regulates FAK and Paxillin phosphorylation in focal adhesion of ECs promoting Rac1 transition from inactive to active state. YAP is subsequently activated and translocated into nucleus, leading to increased tip cell specification. p-Paxillin can also loosen the intercellular connection which also facilitates tip cell specification. Collectively our present study shows that matrix stiffness modulates tip cell formation through p-PXN-Rac1-YAP signaling axis, shedding light on the role of mechanotransduction in tip cell formation. This is of special significance in biomaterial design and treatment of some pathological situations.
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins are a gene super-family in plants and play vital roles in growth, development, and response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The ABC transporters have been identified in crop plants such as rice and buckwheat, but little is known about them in soybean. Soybean is an important oil crop and is one of the five major crops in the world. In this study, 255 ABC genes that putatively encode ABC transporters were identified from soybean through bioinformatics and then categorized into eight subfamilies, including 7 ABCAs, 52 ABCBs, 48 ABCCs, 5 ABCDs, 1 ABCEs, 10 ABCFs, 111 ABCGs, and 21 ABCIs. Their phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, and gene expression profiles were characterized. Segmental duplication was the main reason for the expansion of the GmABC genes. Ka/Ks analysis suggested that intense purifying selection was accompanied by the evolution of GmABC genes. The genome-wide collinearity of soybean with other species showed that GmABCs were relatively conserved and that collinear ABCs between species may have originated from the same ancestor. Gene expression analysis of GmABCs revealed the distinct expression pattern in different tissues and diverse developmental stages. The candidate genes GmABCB23, GmABCB25, GmABCB48, GmABCB52, GmABCI1, GmABCI5, and GmABCI13 were responsive to Al toxicity. This work on the GmABC gene family provides useful information for future studies on ABC transporters in soybean and potential targets for the cultivation of new germplasm resources of aluminum-tolerant soybean.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.