Coaxial electrospun fibrous membranes show favorable mechanical properties for use in guided bone regeneration (GBR). We used coaxial electrospinning technology to fabricate three-dimensional nanofiber membranes loaded with BMP-2 and IGF-1, and assessed the physicochemical and biological properties of these novel membranes in vitro. We fabricated four experimental groups of BMP-2/IGF-1/BSA-loaded membranes with different flow ratios (shell/core). Membrane characteristics were assessed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy. Physicochemical and drug release properties were evaluated based on contact angle, mechanical property testing, X-ray diffraction analysis, and ELISA. The membranes were seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) to estimate their biological properties based on cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The four membrane groups presented uniform diameters and core-shell structures. Acceleration of the shell solution flow rate increased the contact angle and mechanical properties of the fibrous membrane, while dual-factor addition did not impact fiber structure. Each drug-loaded membrane showed a gradually increasing release curve, with varying degrees of burst and sustained release. Compared to the other groups, the membranes with a core-shell flow ratio of 1:10 showed better drug-loading capacity and sustained release performance, higher biological properties and good barrier function. Optimal parameters were chosen based on the physical and chemical characteristics and biological properties of the membrane. Our results imply that the BMP-2/IGF-1/BSA-loaded coaxial electrospun fibrous membrane with optimum parameters is a suitable barrier membrane for GBR, and releases multiple factors promoting osteoconduction and osteoinduction.
Background: Titanium-zirconium alloy (TiZr1317) is a new material used for biological implants.There are several studies on the effects of TiZr implants on the biological characteristics of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs).Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the biological responses of hBMSCs to implant holes affected by the physicochemical properties of oral implants (Ti SLA , Ti SLActive , TiZr SLA , and TiZr SLActive ). Materials and Methods: Grade 4 Ti and TiZr (13-17% Zr) substrates were modified by sandblasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) or hydrophilic sand-blasted large-grit acid-etched (SLActive), resulting in four types of surface with complex microstructures corresponding to the commercially-available implants SLA, RoxolidSLA, SLActive, and RoxolidSLActive (Institute Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland). Physicochemical properties were detected and the biological responses of hBMSCs were observed.Results: Surface morphology characterization by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed differences between the four groups. SLA ctive had higher surface energy/ wettability than SLA, indicating that increased surface energy/wettability can promote the absorption of osteogenic proteins and enhance osseointegration. hBMSCs seeded on SLActive substrates exhibited better performance in terms of cell attachment, proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation than cells seeded on SLA.
Alveolar bone loss is always a big challenge for oral implant placement. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is one of the solutions to fix this problem. Among all the factors, the barrier membrane plays a key role in this technology. At present, lack of the osteoinductivity remains the biggest weakness for clinical application. Focusing on this, we tried to fabricate an osteoinductive three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber membrane with drug releasing system by introducing parathyroid hormone (PTH)-Fc into the poly(lactic acid-co-caprolactone) PLCL/SF solution for electrospinning. The characteristics were determined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, contact angle measurement, and mechanical strength. According to the optimum parameters tested, we proceed to the in vitro experiments. Drug release and matrix degradation profiles of electrospinning fibers were investigated. Cell morphology was observed and cell proliferation was analyzed after bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were seeded. The results showed favorable physical and chemical properties and good biocompatibility of these 3D nanofibers. The effect on the BMMSCs suggested the drug releasing promoted osteogenic differentiation of cells stably. This study exhibited a promising method of GBR oeteoinductive membrane fabrication.The bone reconstruction will be benefited from the osteogenic differentiation positive drug releasing system. K E Y W O R D S electrospinning, membrane, guided bone regeneration, PTH-Fc
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