Physicochemical and biological characteristics of BMP-2/IGF-1-loaded three-dimensional coaxial electrospun fibrous membranes for bone defect repair

Abstract

Coaxial electrospun fibrous membranes show favorable mechanical properties for use in guided bone regeneration (GBR). We used coaxial electrospinning technology to fabricate three-dimensional nanofiber membranes loaded with BMP-2 and IGF-1, and assessed the physicochemical and biological properties of these novel membranes in vitro. We fabricated four experimental groups of BMP-2/IGF-1/BSA-loaded membranes with different flow ratios (shell/core). Membrane characteristics were assessed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy. Physicochemical and drug release properties were evaluated based on contact angle, mechanical property testing, X-ray diffraction analysis, and ELISA. The membranes were seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) to estimate their biological properties based on cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The four membrane groups presented uniform diameters and core-shell structures. Acceleration of the shell solution flow rate increased the contact angle and mechanical properties of the fibrous membrane, while dual-factor addition did not impact fiber structure. Each drug-loaded membrane showed a gradually increasing release curve, with varying degrees of burst and sustained release. Compared to the other groups, the membranes with a core-shell flow ratio of 1:10 showed better drug-loading capacity and sustained release performance, higher biological properties and good barrier function. Optimal parameters were chosen based on the physical and chemical characteristics and biological properties of the membrane. Our results imply that the BMP-2/IGF-1/BSA-loaded coaxial electrospun fibrous membrane with optimum parameters is a suitable barrier membrane for GBR, and releases multiple factors promoting osteoconduction and osteoinduction.

Core-Shell Nanostructures for Drug Delivery and Theranostics

“…BSA was a stabilizer in the system. The release result of the nanofibers showed that nanofibers with higher shell flow ratio released BMP2, IGF1, and BSA more slowly in 3 days and in a more sustained manner up to 28 days of release [87]. Similar studies evaluated the release of BSA and NGF [9], BSA and tetrapeptide val-gal-pro-gly [88], and antibiotics (vancomycin and ceftazidime) and BMP2 from core-shell nanofibers [89].…”

“…Finally, it was concluded that NGF released from the core-shell nanofibers retained bioactivity up to 10 days [9]. Core-shell nanofibers were designed by incorporating BMP2 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) at different flow ratio [87]. BSA was a stabilizer in the system.…”

The fabrication of an ICA-SF/PLCL nanofibrous membrane by coaxial electrospinning and its effect on bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo

“…The nano-scale structure of the fibers is similar to the natural extracellular matrix. It has a high surface-to-volume ratio and could improve cell attachment 24 , 42 . Simultaneously, fibers cross-formed pore structures that allowed sufficient permeability to nutrients and gas exchange for the regenerated tissue 43 .…”

“…The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (female, age 3–4 weeks, 80–100 g, from the Experimental Animal Center of Lanzhou University). The primary BMMSCs were isolated and cultured according to a previously reported protocol with minor modifications 24 . Cells were incubated in low-glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (L-DMEM) (HyClone, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco) at 37 °C under 5% CO 2 .…”

Restoring tracheal defects in a rabbit model with tissue engineered patches based on TGF-β3-encapsulating electrospun poly(l-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone)/collagen scaffolds

“…The original TGF-b3 powder was reconstituted at 20 lg/ ml in sterile 4 mM hydrochloric acid containing 1 mg/ml BSA. Coaxial electrospinning was performed as previously described [15]. Briefly, PLCL-collagen and TGF-b3 solutions were delivered into the coaxial outer and inner needles, respectively, before electrospinning.…”