24.Clayton EH, Lean IJ, Rowe JB, Cox JW. Effects of feeding virginiamycin and sodium bicarbonate to grazing lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 1999;82:1545-1554. 25.Kolver ES, de Veth MJ. Prediction of ruminal pH from pasture-based diets. J Dairy Sci 2002;85:1255-1266. 26.Westwood CT, Lean IJ. Nutrition and lameness in pasture-fed dairy cattle. 13-56. 29.Leng RA, Brett DJ. Simultaneous measurements of the rates of production of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in the rumen of sheep on different diets and the correlation between production rates and concentrations of these acids in the rumen. Br J Nutr 1966;20:541-552. 17.Grant RJ. Influence of corn and sorghum starch on the in vitro kinetics of forage fibre digestion. J Dairy Sci 1994;77:1563-1569. 18.Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Plaixats AJ, Devant M. Effect of pH and pH fluctuations on microbial fermentation in a continuous culture system. J Dairy Sci 1999;82:38. 19.de Veth MJ, Kolver ES. Digestion of ryegrass pasture in response to change in pH in continuous culture. J Dairy Sci 2001;84:1449-1457. 20.Harris DJ, Hibburt CD, Anderson GA et al. The incidence, cost and factors associated with food lameness in dairy cattle in south-western Australia. Aust Vet J 1988;65:171-176. 21.Tranter WP, Morris RS. A case study of lameness in three dairy herds. NZ Vet J 1991;39:88-96. 22.Dewes HF. Some aspects of lameness in dairy herds. NZ Vet J 1978;26:147 -148; 157-159. 23.Bergsten C. Laminitis in practice: causes, risk factors, treatment and preven-
Cereal grains including wheat, barley, oats, maize and sorghum were incubated with strained rumen fluid in vitro with either ryegrass or lucerne in the ratios of 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0 at 3g�C for 24 h. Expected NDF digestibilities in mixtures of cereal grain and forage were calculated by interpolation between NDF digestibilities of each grain and of each forage. These were compared with measured NDF digestibilities to detect deviations due to synergism or inhibition. Wheat, barley and maize had inhibitory effects, whereas oats and sorghum had synergistic effects, on NDF digestibility with both forages.
INTISARIPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi peternak sapi perah di Kawasan Rawan Bencana (KRB) di lereng selatan Merapi dalam mempertahankan penghidupan pasca erupsi gunungapi Merapi 2010. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Sensus, yaitu dengan mengambil semua peternak yang memenuhi kualifikasi, terdiri dari 84 peternak sapi perah di KRB III (Dusun Kaliadem) dan 50 peternak di KRB II (Dusun Gondang Wetan). Kedua dusun tersebut termasuk wilayah Kecamatan Cangkringan. Guna mengetahui strategi peternak, digunakan metode deskriptif ialah menggali sebanyak mungkin informasi yang berkaitan dengan penghidupan mereka, meliputi tiga aspek penting yaitu aset (livelihood resources), akses dan aktivitas. Analisis statistik yang digunakan untuk klasifikasi strategi penghidupan menggunakan Analisis Faktor dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 18. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sembilan strategi yang dipilih oleh peternak sapi perah dalam mempertahankan sumber penghidupan guna menjamin penghidupan yang berkelanjutan, yaitu: kombinasi pemanfaatan aset finansial, fisik dan sumber daya alam dengan mempertahankan usaha sapi perah; kombinasi pemanfaatan aset fisik dan sosial, akses sosial serta diversifikasi usaha; pemanfaatan akses sosial; pemanfaatan bantuan dan akses sosial secara timbal balik; pemanfaatan liquid aset dan modal sosial; kombinasi faktor psikologis dengan pemanfaatan akses sosial dan finansial; pemanfaatan aset dan akses finansial serta penggunaan waktu jeda; pemanfaatan modal sosial; dan diversifikasi usaha peternakan. Kombinasi pemanfaatan aset finansial, fisik dan sumber daya alam dengan mempertahankan usaha sapi perah merupakan salah satu strategi paling dominan yang dipilih oleh peternak, dengan nilai kumulatif terbesar (27,64%). Variabel psikologis yaitu perasaan aman tinggal di lereng Merapi, merupakan temuan variabel baru dalam teori yang mempelajari strategi penghidupan berkelanjutan. Modal sosial merupakan variabel yang mendominasi dasar pilihan strategi penghidupan berkelanjutan peternak sapi perah pasca erupsi Merapi 2010.(Kata kunci: Akses, Aktivitas, Aset, Gunungapi Merapi, Strategi penghidupan) ABSTRACT This study was aimed to analyze dairy farmers' strategies in disaster prone areas (DPA) at the southern slope of Merapi in sustaining their livelihood after Merapi Volcano eruption in 2010. The research was conducted using survey method. Sampling was done using the census methods, in which all farmers who met qualifications were taken, consisting of 84 dairy farmers in DPA III (Kaliadem hamlet) and 50 dairy farmers in DPA II (Gondang Wetan hamlet). Both hamlets belong to Cangkringan district. To identify farmer' strategies, the descriptive method was applied by gathering as many as information
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.