The effects of glucagon injection and infusion of glucose and volatile fatty acids were studied in onehumped camels. Twenty adult male camels were divided into four equal groups. The first group was infused with physiological saline and served as a control. The second group was injected with a single dose of glucagon, the third group was infused with glucose (50 %) in sterile saline, and the fourth group was infused with a volatile fatty acid (VFA) mixture. In the first, third and fourth groups, sampling was performed before the beginning of infusions (control time), and at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min post-infusion. Plasma glucagon concentrations were monitored in the second group at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 90, 105 and 120 min after injection. For glucagon injection, glucose concentration peaked at 15 min post-injection, and tended to decrease thereafter. Plasma glucose concentrations showed significant rises above the basal value at all times after glucose infusion. VFA infusion had no apparent effect on plasma glucose concentration. After injection of glucagon, the plasma lactate concentration dropped significantly at 15 and 30 min, then increased gradually until it reached the original concentration of lactate at 120 min. However, glucose infusion elevated the plasma lactate concentration only at the end of the infusion period. A decrease in plasma lactate was observed at 60 min after VFA infusion. The present investigation provides evidence that the glucagon level in camels is higher than that in other ruminants and in man, and suggests that this is a probable species specificity, which would explain the higher level of glucose in the blood of camels than in that of other ruminants. The disappearance curve of injected glucagon had, as in other ruminants, an exponential two-compartment function. The hormone was rapidly distributed and was eliminated with a high rate of clearance.
Summary Deficiency of vitamin C in the diet of chickens depressed the activity of the thyroid gland, as detected by radioiodine uptake. The activity of the thyroid of chickens depends not only on its content of vitamin C., but also on the dose of the vitamin C supplement fed to the chickens. A dose of 100 mg. per kilogram diet restored the thyroid function of chickens while a dose of 50 mg did not. Data are shown in tables and figures of thyroid activity, serum uptake and percentage of tyrosine and thyronines, by the use of 125I injected intraperitoneally in chickens. Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Vitamin C auf die Schilddrüsenaktivität bei Küken Vitamin‐C‐Mangel im Kükenfutter vermindert die Schilddrüsenaktivität (Untersuchung mit Hilfe der Radiojodaufnahme). Die Schilddrüsenaktivität der Küken hängt von der Dosis der Vitamin‐C‐Supplementierung des Futters ab. Eine Vitamin‐C‐Dosis von 100 mg/kg Futter stellte die Schilddrüsenfunktion wieder her, während das bei einer Dosis von 50 mg nicht der Fall war. Anhand von tabellarischen und grafischen Darstellungen wird die Schilddrüsenaktivität sowie die Aufnahme von Tyrosin und von Thyroninen in das Blut bei intraperitonealer Applikation von 125J dargestellt. Résumé Action de la vitamine C sur l'activité de la glande thyroïde chez des poussins Le manque de vitamine C dans la nourriture diminue l'activité de la glande thyroïde chez les poussins (recherche faite á l'aide de iode radioactif). L'activité de la glande thyroïde dépend chez les poussins de la dose en vitamine C additionnée dans l'alimentation. Une dose de 100 mg de vitamine C par kilo d'aliment remet en fonction la glande thyroïde, ce qui n'est pas le cas avec 50 mg. On a représenté graphiquement et avec des tableaux l'activité de la glande thyroïde ainsi que la présence de tyrosine et de thyronine dans le sang au moyen d'application intrapéritonéale de 125J. Resumen La acción de vitamina C sobre la actividad tiroidea de los pollitos La deficiencia vitamínica C en el pienso para pollitos disminuye la actividad tiroidea (experiencia con ayuda de yodo radiactivo). La actividad tiroidea de los pollitos depende de la dosis del suplemento vitamínico C en el pienso. La dosis de 100 mg. vitamina C por kilo de alimento restablecía la función de la glándula tiroidea, mientras que una dosis de 50 mg. no lo hacía. A la vista de representaciones tabulares y gráficas, se expone la actividad tiroidea, y la toma de tirosina y de tironina por la sangre con la aplicación intraperitoneal de 125J.
Summary The level of thyroid hormones in the thyroid glands of Egyptian buffaloes at various reproductive stages was determined by a radioactive technique. The results indicate no significant difference between the various stages of pregnancy. In inactive ovaries the ratio of iodothyronins to iodotyrosines is high. In pregnancy the middle stage shows a higher ratio of iodotyrosine to iodothyronine but this is not significant due to the small number of animals used. There was a highly significant difference between the two types of hormone in the case of metestrus and a moderately significant difference in preostrus and oestrus, while this difference was insignificant in the dioestrous stage. Identification of the thyroid metabolites was achieved by a radioactive method using 125I for in‐vitro labelling of iodotyrosines and ***iodothyronines on paper chromatograms. Zusammenfassung Der Thyroxingehalt der Schilddrüse von Haustieren VIII. Schilddrüsenhormonspiegel in der Schilddrüse des ägyptischen Büffels während verschiedener Phasen der Fortpflanzung Die Schilddrüsenhormonmengen wurden mittels radioaktiver Isotope (125J) bestimmt. In den verschiedenen Graviditätsphasen wurden keine signifikanten Unterschiede festgestellt. In Phasen inaktiver Ovarien ist das Verhältnis der Iodthyronine zu den Iodtyrosinen hoch. Während der Gravidität ist der Quotient des Iodtyrosins zum Iodthyronin höher, der Unterschied ist jedoch nicht signifikant. Hochsignifikante Unterschiede der beiden Schilddrüsenstoffe wurden während des Metoestrus und leichtsignifikante Unterschiede während des Prooe‐strus und Oestrus gefunden. Während des Dioestrus war der Unterschied nicht signifikant. Résumé Taux de la thyroxine dans la glande thyroïde des animaux domestiques VIII. Taux de la thyroxine thyroïdienne chez le buffle égyptien pendant les périodes de reproduction La quantité de l'hormone thyroïdienne a été déterminée a moyen d'un isotope radioactif (125J). On n'a pas établi de différences significatives dans les diverses périodes de la gestation. Le rapport jodthyronine et jodthyrosine fut élevé dans la période de repos ovarien. Ce rapport fut plus élevé durant la gestation, mais la différence n'était pas significative. On a trouvé des différences hautement significatives des deux substances pendant le metoestrus et légèrement significatives durant le prooestrus et l'oestrus. La différence ne fut pas significative pendant le dioestrus. Resumen Contenido de los tiroides en tiroxina en los animales domésticos VIII. Nivel hormonal tiroideo en el tiroides de la búfala egipcia durante las fases diversas de reproducción Las cantidades de hormona tiroidea se valoraron mediante isótopos radio‐activos (125I). En las diversas fases de gravidez no se apreciaron diferencias significantes. En las fases de ovarios inactivos es muy elevada la relación entre las yodotironinas y las yodotirosinas. Durante la gestación es mayor el cociente de yodotirosina a yodotironina, aunque la diferencia no es significativa. Se hallaron diferencias altamente significantes e...
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