Significant association was shown between Hp and p53 expression, even in patients with pre-neoplastic lesions that no longer presented with Hp. Given that the identification of pre-neoplastic lesions is important for the prevention of cancer, immunohistochemistry could benefit routine biopsy carried out during endoscopy for the detection of Hp, by identifying patients with expression of the important oncogene regulator, p53.
The biotechnology-derived medicines known as biosimilars are defined as non-originator treatments that have demonstrated quality, efficacy, and safety comparable to the reference biologic drug. Clinical trials have shown that the infliximab biosimilar, CT-P13, and the candidates for the adalimumab biosimilars, ABP 501 and ZRC 3197, are not significantly different, with respect to efficacy and safety, from the originator drugs in patients with other autoimmune diseases. However, controversy has arisen over the use of biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease, due to the incipient evidence not only in patients with no previous biotechnology treatment, but also in patients in remission, that could be switched to a biosimilar for non-medical reasons. The present review is the first critical analysis by different specialists in the area of gastroenterology on the use of biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease, the evidence on interchangeability, the extrapolation of indications, efficacy, safety, immunogenicity, and the clinical impact of the Mexican health regulations. The aim of our review was to make the positioning and recommendations of these new therapeutic options known, given that they have a potential cost-benefit for both patients and healthcare institutions.
La endoscopia tiene el riesgo inherente de introducir bacterias en el organismo a través de las membranas mucosas, lo que podría ocasionar bacteriemia y posterior infección. El valor del uso de antibióticos profilácticos en pacientes que requieren procedimientos endoscópicos ha sido objeto de debate y su uso debe considerar el riesgo individual de cada paciente para desarrollar infecciones. La Asociación Mexicana de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal convocó a un grupo de endoscopistas, gastroenterólogos y enfermeros especializados en procesamiento de endoscopios con la finalidad de evaluar de manera crítica la evidencia científica y proponer estrategias para el uso racional de antibióticos mediante un consenso.
La colonoscopia es el método de elección para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mayoría de las enfermedades de colon. Es la herramienta más eficaz en la prevención y detección oportuna de cáncer colorrectal (CCR), influyendo en su incidencia y mortalidad. Su eficacia y calidad depende de la habilidad del endoscopista, el porcentaje de área de mucosa examinada, el tiempo de examen y las complicaciones, entre otros. De tal forma que aunque existen indicadores aplicables a toda colonoscopia, existen otros específicos para cada indicación. La Asociación Mexicana de Gastroenterología (AMG) y la Asociación Mexicana de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal y Colegio de Profesionistas A. C. (AMEG) realizaron una reunión presencial en el mes de junio de 2019 a la que asistieron gastroenterólogos y endoscopistas de diversas instituciones del país para revisar y evaluar la evidencia actual sobre calidad en colonoscopia de escrutinio de CCR y desarrollar recomendaciones que favorezcan una colonoscopia de alta calidad.
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