elderly. The human capital model of migration is not applicable to the elderly. For couples both the characteristics of the primary household maintainer and the characteristics of the spouse or common-law partner are determinants of the couple's migration, underlining the importance of modelling migration as a household move. Single-person households often, but not always, show results similar to those for couples. When male and female single-person households are compared, migration determinants usually have a stronger effect on females then on males.
ABSTRACTThe elderly, already a significant component of internal migration in Canada, will be an increasingly important element of future internal migration. Using census data on households, the flows and determinants of elderly migration are examined and compared with younger groups. Few migrate as individuals, most moves are multiple-person moves, and the household, particularly the family, is the appropriate unit of analysis. In 1996 over 88% of those who migrated in the previous five years were members of households of two or more persons. The elderly are compared with the near-elderly and those likely to be in the labour force, using the age of the primary household maintainer, a person named by each household, to classify households. The elderly are households with a primary household maintainer 65 years of age or over, the nearelderly have a primary household maintainer of 55 to 64 years, and independent decisionmakers, the major component of the labour force, have a primary household maintainer aged 25 to 54. Significant differences are found between the groups. The elderly have a lower rate of migration and their migration determinants and destinations are less driven by employment considerations. While education, for example, is a consistently-found determinant of migration for those in the labour force, it is much less significant for the
This paper explores the relationship between province of residence and the use of unemployment insurance (UI) among immigrants who landed in Canada during the period 1981-88.Use of a new data set, the Longitudinal Immigration Data Base, overcomes the restriction that other data sets are cross-sectional only in nature or do not identify birthplace.Our principal conclusion is that more generous UI benefits and poorer economic conditions than the Canadian average have a positive impact on the fraction of immigrants who receive UI. In addition, the province of residence has a separate effect on the likelihood of claiming UI, perhaps due to mobility costs.Because national immigration policies have a differential impact across provinces, it is understandable that provincial policy makers wish to have greater influence over federal immigration policies.
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