Abstrak-Artikel ini memaparkan tentang penggunaan tracker tiga posisi untuk meningkatkan konversi energi listrik dari matahari dengan catu daya rendah. Sistem tracker tiga posisi telah diuji menggunakan dua buah panel surya yang identik dengan kapasitas 250 Wp yang dipasang flat dan dengan tracker. Proses pengujian dilakukan selama 3 hari di atas gedung Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas Padang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan persentase rata-rata peningkatan konversi energi sebesar 0,263 kWh/hari atau 27,9% per hari. Sedangkan kebutuhan energi untuk aktuator tracker tiga posisi sebesar 0,624 Wh/hari dan sistem kontrol tracker sebesar 18 Wh/hari. Sehingga besar konsumsi energi sistem tracker tiga posisi adalah sebesar 0,0186 kWh/hari. Hal ini disebabkan karena sistem tracker tiga posisi menggunakan aktuator dengan motor DC yang dilengkapi gearbox sehingga kemampuan torsi tracker menjadi lebih besar. Konsumsi energi untuk pengontrolan tracker menggunakan arduino lebih besar dibandingkan energi tracker itu sendiri karena pengontrolan selalu dalam keadaan aktif selama 24 jam. Sementara tracker tiga posisi hanya aktif selama 100 detik. Dengan demikian, konsumsi energi yang digunakan oleh sistem tracker tiga posisi jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan peningkatan konversi energi yang dihasilkan panel surya. Kata Kunci : Tracker tiga posisi, Peningkatan konversi energi panel suryaAbstract-This article describes the use of a three-position tracker to increase the conversion of electrical energy from the sun with a low power supply. The three-position tracker system has been tested using two identical solar panels with 250 Wp capacities mounted flat and with tracker. The testing process carried out for 3 days in the top of the building Department of Electrical Engineering Andalas University of Padang. The test results show the average percentage increase in energy conversion is 0.263 kWh / day or 27.9% per day. While the energy requirement for three position tracker actuator are 0.624 Wh / day and track control system of 18 Wh / day. So that the energy consumption of tracker system three positions is equal to 0.0186 kWh / day. This is because the three-position tracker system uses actuators with DC motors equipped with a gearbox so that the tracker's torque becomes greater. Energy consumption for tracker control using arduino is greater than tracker energy itself because the control is always active for 24 hours. While the three-position tracker is only active for 100 seconds. Thus, the energy consumption used by the three-position tracker system is much smaller than the increase in energy conversion produced by solar panels.
This article describes the design of a data system to integrate energy conversion from photovoltaic measurements connected to the power grid. The software used is visual studio, while the hardware uses polycrystalline photovoltaic (PV) with a capacity of 2.08 kW and several sensors that have been integrated into Arduino. Parameter data in measuring the performance of this PV system consists of temperature and humidity sensors to measure the panel surface, direct current (DC) current sensor, DC voltage sensor. To measure the current and voltage sourced from the electricity network, the module (PZEM-004T) is used. Measurements are designed using a graphical user interface (GUI) on a Visual Studio application that has been interfaced through Arduino programming. The data output on the sensor measurement will simultaneously record the circuit that has been connected to the solar panel and then display it visually in the form of tables and graphs in real time with a delay of 1 minute. The results of PV on grid measurements in sunny weather conditions obtained the maximum value of all measurements with a DC voltage of 221 V, while for an alternating current (AC) voltage of 231.60 V, the DC value reached 1827.17 W while the AC power was 1681 W.
Renewable energy power generation is a concept of generating electrical energy that is widely applied today. The rapid population growth is proportional to the high demand for electrical energy. There are still a lot of power plants that rely on fossil fuels as a source of energy to drive the turbines. The limitations of fossil energy provide an alternative thought for using renewable energy as electricity generation. Bangka Island is an island with great potential for solar and wind energy. The two energy sources are expected to provide a solution to the scarcity of energy that occurs on the island of Bangka. This research is expected to provide input in solving the problem of the high demand for electrical energy on the island of Bangka and provide an idea that renewable energy is a substitute for limited fossil energy. From each renewable energy generator, research is carried out to obtain the electrical energy produced. The electrical energy data generated by the two power plants will be compared in order to obtain effectiveness and efficiency values. The research was conducted in Bangka district using 50 Wp solar panels and 30 Watt DC generators.
Data logging monitoring system merupakan sebuah alat yang berfungsi untuk memantau hasil keluaran panel surya berupa tegangan dan arus berdasarkan waktu dan suhu. Alat ini menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai mikrokontroler untuk memantau atau memproses data yang dihasilkan panel surya. Sensor yang digunakan adalah sensor tegangan, sensor arus dan sensor suhu. Data yang dihasikan akan secara otomatis tersimpan pada SD Card. Data yang dihasilkan dan disimpan pada SD Card akan diubah menggunakan aplikasi PLX-DAQ agar dapat dibaca dan ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Sementara, Panel surya yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki kapasitas sebesar 100 Wp. Agar diperoleh arus maksimal maka digunakan beban sebesar 6 Watt. Sedangkan, kapasitas aki yang digunakan adalah 5 Ah. Waktu yang dihasilkan selama proses pengecasan aki dibandingkan dengan daya yang dihasilkan oleh panel surya adalah 4,43 jam. Hasilnya, dalam keadaan aki penuh dapat menyuplai energi listrik selama 10 jam dengan beban 6 Watt.
Dalam penelitian ini terkandung unsur pembuktian dan eksperimen yang lengkap mengenai pengambilan keputusan pemakaian panel surya tipe monocrystalline dan polycrystalline khususnya di kota Pangkalpinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Pengambilan data antara kedua panel surya yang dibandingkan dilakukan selama 30 hari (23 September 2020 – 22 Oktober 2020) melalui berbagai macam cuaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat dan menganalisa pemilihan tipe panel surya yang cocok (monocrystalline atau polycrystalline, masing – masing 250 Wp dengan merek yang sama) untuk kota Pangkalpinang agar dapat meningkatkan suplai energi yang lebih tepat dan efisien. Penggunaan arduino untuk mengambil data pada panel surya dimaksudkan agar data yang didapatkan nantinya bisa lebih akurat dan terpetakan dengan baik jika dibandingan dengan apabila data diambil secara manual dengan cara dicatat. Hasil pengujian menyatakan bahwa panel surya jenis monocrystalline lebih baik dibandingkan polycrystalline dengan perbedaan energi yang dihasilkan sebesar 4.9%.
A solar panel is one alternative energy solution that is widely used today. Solar panels consist of two main types, namely polycrystalline and monocrystalline. The two solar panels have physical differences and the ability to produce electrical energy. Therefore, we compare two solar panels in order to conclude which type of solar panel is the most effective in producing electrical energy. The area used is plateau areas with a mountainous contour and has low humidity and temperature. Data is collected for three days. The solar panels used have a capacity of 200 Wp each. As a data logger, Arduino and several supporting components are used. Polycrystalline solar panels produce a greater voltage than monocrystalline types from the first day to the third day. However the current produced by the two solar panels tends to be the same. The average total energy produced by polycrystalline solar panels is 665.46 watts and monocrystalline solar panels is 500.62 watts. It can be concluded that in mountainous areas it is more efficient to use a polycrystalline type of solar panels.
Since the beginning of 2020, the world has faced an outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19). Corona virus can be transmitted when someone touches nose, mouth or eyes after touching a surface that has been contaminated with the virus from a person who coughs or sneezes. To prevent contracting COVID-19, one way that can be done is to get used to washing hands with soap and running water, especially when in public places. With the automatic hand washing equipment, people do not need to touch the water tap to wash their hands, thus minimizing the possibility of spreading the virus. The hand washing device is made consisting of a water tap that can flow water automatically when an ultrasonic sensor captures hand movements around the mouth of the faucet and a water reservoir that can be filled automatically based on the reading of the water level by the ultrasonic sensor. This automatic hand washing tool has been used in sub-district office and mosque in Bukit Merapin sub-district, Pangkalpinang.
Photovoltaic as a renewable source of electrical energy is utilized at University of Bangka Belitung (UBB) as a source of additional electrical energy. With a capacity of 280 Wp per unit, the photovoltaic performance needs to be maintained so that their performance is getting better. After cleaning with cleaning fluid, the photovoltaic voltage output has increased from 13.7 - 16.8 volt to 17.4 - 22.6 volt. After cleaning the photovoltaic, the current output also increased from 0.33 - 1.8 A to 1.5 - 7.6 A. The real power generated also increased from 4.5 - 29.7 Watt to 26 - 164 Watt
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