Background To describe the biomarkers of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with polyarticular and systemic JIA and to relate them to diseases subtypes, diseases activity markers, and nutritional status. Methods A cross-sectional study including 62 JIA patients was performed. The following variables were evaluated: disease activity and medications used, body mass index, height for age (z-score), skin folds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac), food intake based on three 24-h food recalls, lipid profile (total cholesterol (CT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL (N-HDLc), glycemia and insulin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) and apolipoproteins A-I and B (Apo A-I and Apo B). Results Dyslipidemia was observed in 83.3% of the patients. Based on classical lipid profile, low HDL-c levels was the most frequently alteration observed. Inadequate levels of LDL-c, Apo B and NHDL-c were significantly more frequent in the systemic JIA subtype when compared to the polyarticular subtype (p = 0.017, 0.001 and 0.042 respectively). Patients on biological therapy had a better adequacy of Apo A-I concentrations. The ESR showed a negative correlation with Apo A-I level (r = − 0.25, p = 0.047). Conclusion We concluded that dyslipidemia is common in patients with JIA, especially in systemic subtype. The systemic subtype and an elevated ESR were associated with lower concentrations of Apo A-I, suggesting the participation of the inflammatory process.
SUMMARY AIM To describe the prevalence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), particularly juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE), and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the pediatric rheumatology outpatient clinic. We evaluated 186 children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 years. The medical records were reviewed for the following data: demographic and clinical features, disease activity, and lipid profile (triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C)). In addition, non-HDL cholesterol was calculated as TC minus HDL-C. The cut-off points proposed by the American Academy of Pediatrics were used to classify the lipid profile. RESULTS Dyslipidemia was observed in 128 patients (68.8%), the most common being decreased HDL-C (74 patients, 39.8%). In the JIA group there was an association between the systemic subtype and altered LDL-C and NHDL-C, which demonstrated a more atherogenic profile in this subtype (p=0.027 and p=0.017, respectively). Among patients with jSLE, the cumulative corticosteroid dose was associated with an increase in LDL-C (p=0.013) and with a decrease in HDL-C (p=0.022). CONCLUSION Dyslipidemia is common in children and adolescents with ARDs, especially JIA, jSLE, and JDM, and the main alteration in the lipid profile of these patients was decreased HDL-C.
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Parents’ eating behavior, lifestyle, and food choices can interfere with their children’s eating habits, bringing new perspectives for the development of beneficial interventions in the context of chronic rheumatic diseases. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective is to evaluate BMI, dietary intake, physical activity, and biomarkers of lipid metabolism in parents of children and adolescents with chronic rheumatic diseases and to verify the association with those of their children. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a cross-sectional study with 91 parents, and their respective children diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (<i>n</i> = 30, 33.0%), juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (<i>n</i> = 41, 45.0%), and juvenile dermatomyositis (<i>n</i> = 20, 22.0%). Anthropometric and dietary data, physical activity, lipid profile, and apolipoproteins A-I and B were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 67% of parents and 27.5% of children were overweight; 80% of overweight children/adolescents also had parents with the same nutritional diagnosis. We found a moderate association of total fat intake (Cramer’s <i>V</i> test = 0.254; <i>p</i> = 0.037), and a weak association of saturated fat intake (Cramer’s <i>V</i> test = 0.219; <i>p</i> = 0.050) and cholesterol intake (Cramer’s <i>V</i> test = 0.234; <i>p</i> = 0.025) between parents and their children. A high prevalence of dyslipidemia was observed for parents (82.4%) and children (83.5%), however, with no association between both. A weak association was found between parents and children (Cramer’s <i>V</i> test = 0.238; <i>p</i> = 0.024) for triglycerides, and no association was found between parents and children concerning physical activity. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The high frequency of overweight and dyslipidemia observed in parents, combined with the association between the fat intake by parents and their children with chronic rheumatic diseases, points to the importance of intervention strategies with the engagement and participation of families.
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