A 3D SERS-active substrate synthesized using a hydrolyzed PS-PLLA as a template for gyroid-structured Au multibranches with sharp tips and corners was used to detect crystal violet and β-carotene with superior sensitivity and high reproducibility and stability.
This paper describes the structural properties and electrical characteristics of thin
normalYb2normalO3
gate dielectrics deposited on silicon substrates through reactive sputtering. The structural and morphological features of these films were studied, as a function of the growth conditions (three various argon-to-oxygen flow ratios,
10∕15
,
15∕10
, and
20∕5
, and temperatures from
600to800°C
), by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that
normalYb2normalO3
dielectrics having a
15∕10
flow condition after annealing at
700°C
exhibit a thinner capacitance equivalent thickness and excellent electrical properties, including the interface trap density and the hysteresis in the capacitance–voltage curves. Furthermore, this condition has a small slope in the Poole–Frenkel emission and the Schottky emission, indicating a shallow level trap and a low barrier height in the
normalYb2normalO3
film. These results suggest the reduction of the interfacial
SinormalO2
formation and minimal surface roughness due to the optimization of oxygen in the metal-oxide film.
Nanoporous gyroid metal oxides were fabricated with controlled tube thickness and composition by templated atomic layer deposition giving high porosity and large specific surface area as well as superior mechanical properties.
The development of optical organic nanoparticles (NPs) is desirable and widely studied. However, most organic dyes are water-insoluble such that the derivatization and modification of these dyes are difficult. Herein, we demonstrated a simple platform for the fabrication of organic NPs designed with emissive properties by loading ten different organic dyes (molar masses of 479.1–1081.7 g/mol) into water-soluble polymer nanosponges composed of poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA). The result showed a substantial improvement over the loading of commercial dyes (3.7–50% loading) while preventing their spontaneous aggregation in aqueous solutions. This packaging strategy includes our newly synthesized organic dyes (> 85% loading) designed for OPVs (242), DSSCs (YI-1, YI-3, YI-8), and OLEDs (ADF-1–3, and DTDPTID) applications. These low-cytotoxicity organic NPs exhibited tunable fluorescence from visible to near-infrared (NIR) emission for cellular imaging and biological tracking in vivo. Moreover, PSMA NPs loaded with designed NIR-dyes were fabricated, and photodynamic therapy with these dye-loaded PSMA NPs for the photolysis of cancer cells was achieved when coupled with 808 nm laser excitation. Indeed, our work demonstrates a facile approach for increasing the biocompatibility and stability of organic dyes by loading them into water-soluble polymer-based carriers, providing a new perspective of organic optoelectronic materials in biomedical theranostic applications.
The development of optical organic nanoparticles (NPs) is desirable and widely studied. However, most organic chromophores are water-insoluble, and therefore, the derivatization and modification of these chromophores are difficult. Herein, we demonstrated a simple platform for the fabrication of organic nanoemitters by loading ten different organic dyes (molar masses of 479.1-1081.7 g/mol) into water-soluble polymer nanosponges composed of poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA). This nanolization strategy enables the incorporation of small commercial dyes (3.7–50% loading) and newly synthesized large photosensitive molecules (> 85% loading) into PSMA NPs and prevents the spontaneous aggregation of these hydrophobic chromophores in aqueous solutions. These low-cytotoxicity organic nanoparticles exhibited tunable red to near-infrared fluorescence emission for cellular imaging and biological tracking in vivo. Moreover, PSMA NPs loaded with designed NIR-photosensitive molecules were fabricated, and photodynamic therapy with these dye-loaded PSMA NPs for the photolysis of cancer cells was achieved when coupled with 808 nm laser excitation. Indeed, our work demonstrates a facile approach for increasing the biocompatibility and stability of organic dyes by loading them into water-soluble polymer-based carriers, providing a new perspective of organic optoelectronic materials in biomedical theranostic applications.
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