The present study was undertaken to determine blood plasma protein and lipid profile changes in healthy Polish Holstein-Fresian calves of Black-and-White variety. Blood was drawn immediately after birth, before first colostrum intake and at the 3 Subsequent four blood samples were collected at 24 hour intervals until the 7 th day of life. Plasma proteins within the isoelectric point ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 were separated using high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. Among the 74 protein spots detected and analyzed, 16 were significantly altered during the first week of life. Differentially expressed spots were excised from the gels and subjected to peptide mass fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF MS. In total, 12 spots were successfully identified, which correspond to three proteins, namely: apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-IV and fibrinogen gamma-B chain. A gradual increase in plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol values was shown during the first seven days of calves life. The lowest concentration of these indicators were observed at birth and was followed by a rapid increase during the first week of postnatal life. These changes appear to be related to the transition in energy sources, from a maternal nutrient supply comprising mainly carbohydrates and amino acids to a diet which was rich in fat -colostrum and milk. This was reflected by the intense up-regulation of plasma proteins related with lipid transport and lipoprotein metabolism during the first week of life.
The final weeks of pregnancy and period of increasing lactation abound with adaptive changes in the intensity of metabolic processes. Maintaining the homeostasis of an organism in prepartum and postpartum periods is the key condition in maintaining the health of the mother and the fetus/calf. The aim of the study was to analyze physiological changes in lipid metabolism in cows during the last month of first pregnancy and in the first two months of lactation, based on the expression of identified apolipoproteins and changes in selected parameters of the lipid metabolism in peripheral blood plasma. Statistically significant changes in the expression of identified apolipoproteins were observed for apolipoprotein A-1 precursor, apolipoprotein A-IV precursor, apolipoprotein E precursor and apolipoprotein J precursor. The lowest expression of the apolipoproteins was noted around parturition and higher expression was observed during the final weeks of pregnancy and during lactation. Tendencies of changes in the concentration of total cholesterol, HDL and LDL were similar in blood plasma from analyzed cows -in the last month of pregnancy a decrease was observed and subsequently an increase in the first two months of lactation was noted. In contrast to abrupt changes observed for total cholesterol, HDL and LDL, changes in concentration of triglycerides were not that extensive and during lactation this parameter was rather stable. Evaluation of changes in the analyzed parameters may contribute to a better understanding of the changes in lipid metabolism occurring in the body of pregnant and lactating young cows.
Age-related changes of selected blood biochemical indicators in dairy calves during their first week of life. Folia biologica (Kraków) 59: 25-30. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of age and ingested food (colostrum and mature milk) on the concentrations of selected blood biochemical components connected with nitrogen and mineral metabolism in dairy calves during their first week of life. The experiment was carried out on 13 Polish Black and White breed dairy calves. The animals were fed colostrum within the first 3 days of postnatal life and thereafter the mature milk of their dams until the end of the experiment (7 days). The obtained results showed that intensive catabolic and anabolic changes in nitrogen occur in the first week of life. These changes were particularly intense during the first 24-48 hours of life and may reflect dynamic tissue remodelling. The results of this experiment also show that healthy calves efficiently regulate water and electrolyte homeostasis.
details of feeding shown in Table 1). Blood, the material for analysis, was drawn from the external jugular vein and collected using sterile needles and tubes with anticoagulant (EDTA K 3). Collection of samples was performed at the following points: 30, 14, and 7 days before parturition and 1, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days after calving. Blood was collected each time from the same animals, and groups were formed according to the sampling date; thus, each experimental group consisted of 10 animals. The total number of samples was 80. Blood samples were centrifuged (3000 rpm, 4 ºC), and the resulting plasma samples were stored at-80 °C until analysis. The local ethics committee for experiments on animals in Szczecin approved the design of the experiment (resolution no.
Skotnicka E., W. F. Skrzypczak, M. Ozgo: Circadian Changes in Electrolyte Concentrations in Plasma and Erythrocytes of Two-week-old Calves. Acta vet. Brno 1997, 66: 141-146.The aim of this study was to determine changes in the content of Na, K, CI, Ca, Mg and P in the plasma and erythrocytes of 14-day-old calves with simultaneously performed evaluation of the occurrence and analysis of the rhythms.The studies were carried out on a group of 10 Black and White, clinically healthy female calves aged 14 days. Seven days before and during the experiment, the animals were kept in uniform environmental conditions (LD = 16:8).Blood samples were collected seven times over a period of 24 hours, spaced by 4 hour intervals, i. e., at 9:00, 13:00, 17:00, 21 :00, 1:00,5:00 and 9:00. Wbole blood and plasma were used in the analysis. In the whole blood, hematocrit and concentrations of Na, K, CI, Ca, Mg and P were determined. The plasma osmolality was also determined. The concentrations of sodium, potassium and chlorides in the erythrocytes were estimated using an indirect method.In the present study, the circadian variations in plasma concentrations of sodium. potassium and chlorides and in its osmolality were found in two-week-old female calves. Changes in plasma content of sodium and potassium within twenty-four hours were significant (P
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