Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...

O nutricionista é um profissional importante na implementação de ações de promoção, tratamento e reabilitação da saúde. Porém, sua participação na Atenção Básica (AB) é reduzida. A cidade de São Paulo vem passando por um processo desigual de urbanização, produzindo novas situações de insegurança alimentar e nutricional. Este trabalho analisará a atuação do nutricionista na AB em um grande centro urbano. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem quantitativa no qual foram utilizados dados populacionais da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde e um questionário semiestruturado aplicado em entrevistas individuais. Encontraram-se 123 nutricionistas atuando na rede Básica de Saúde e 51 em Núcleos de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF). Todas as regiões do município apresentaram-se com menor número de nutricionistas quando comparada à recomendação do Conselho Federal de Nutricionistas. Em 57,3% dos NASF do município identificou-se a presença deste profissional. Cada nutricionista de NASF acompanha, em média, 7,1 equipes de saúde da família. As faixas etárias que correspondem à infância são as atendidas com menor frequência pelos nutricionistas das UBS e dos NASF. Comparando-se as atividades desenvolvidas, observa-se a transição de um modelo de assistência primária centrado no atendimento individual para um que prioriza o atendimento em grupo.

OBJETIVO: analisar a insegurança alimentar e o vínculo inadequado mãe-filho como dois potenciais determinantes da desnutrição em crianças de quatro a seis anos de idade. MÉTODOS: estudo de caso-controle desenvolvido em Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil (EMEIs) no Jardim Jaqueline, área de alta vulnerabilidade social do município de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram aplicados a Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar e o Protocolo de Avaliação do Vínculo Mãe-filho, além de coletadas informações biológicas e socio-econômicas. Para verificação dos efeitos de cada variável independente e controle dos efeitos das demais variáveis incluídas no modelo, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão logística múltipla. RESULTADOS: verificou-se que tanto a insegurança alimentar familiar (OR=3,6) como o vínculo inadequado mãe-filho (OR=9,4) estiveram associados com a desnutrição infantil (p<0,05), mesmo após o controle para o peso ao nascimento da criança e idade, estado conjugal e trabalho maternos. CONCLUSÕES: tanto a insegurança alimentar familiar (OR=3,6) como o vínculo mãe-filho inadequado (OR=9,4) mostraram-se fatores determinantes da ocorrência da desnutrição na população estudada.

A alimentação pode atuar tanto na prevenção de certas doenças como no tratamento de outras. A análise do consumo alimentar fornece subsídios para avaliação das necessidades nutricionais e para promoção de programas de educação nutricional. Poucos estudos têm sido realizados com o objetivo de se fazer a avaliação global da dieta. Os índices dietéticos estão sendo estudados como uma alternativa para realizar esta avaliação.Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os seguintes índices dietéticos: Índice de Nutrientes, Escore de Variedade da Dieta, Escore de Diversidade da Dieta, Índice de Qualidade da Dieta, Índice de Alimentação Saudável e Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado. Observou-se que os índices possuem fundamental importância ao refletir a situação de diversos componentes da dieta em uma única variável.Termos de indexação: avaliação nutricional, consumo de alimentos, saúde pública, dieta, nutrição. A B S T R A C T Feeding can act in the prevention of some diseases as well as in the treatment of others. The analysis of food consumption provides information to assess nutritional needs and improve nutrition education programs.

Objective: The goal of this study was evaluate the conicity index (C index) in women and its association with hypertension (SAH) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with 573 women between 20 and 59 years of age. After analysis of clinical and demographic characteristics, anthropometric variables were measured and used to calculate the C index. Plasma glucose and lipid profile were evaluated by standard methods. The analysis of the results was based on logistic regression and the odds ratio (OR) was calculated, which was used to assess the association of the variable outcome with the variable exposure using two logistic regression models that tested the possible influence of the C index in the chance of developing SAH or DM. A confidence interval of 95% was used. Results: In the crude and adjusted models, the OR confirmed the association of the C index with DM and SAH. Compared with women that showed C index p < 75, the risk of women with C index (p ≥ 75) developing DM and SAH was 1.72 and 1.75, respectively. Results demonstrated that the negative impact of age on these associations significantly raised the odds of women having DM and SAH. The high C index was also linked to low HDL-C. Conclusion: The C index is an important tool in estimating the risk of diabetes and hypertension in women. Besides, high C indexes are negatively associated with HDL-C, an important lipid marker related to cardiovascular risk. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(5):436-42

This study compared nutritional education groups regarding their theoretical and practical dimensions, within primary health care, between São Paulo and Bogotá. A descriptive study was conducted in stages:identification of the professionals; characterization of educational groups; identification of social representations about nutritional education; and comparison of the linkage between theory and practice in the groups, per city. Through interviews with 54 nutritionists 17 central ideas were identified, which were classified into thematic axes that related to the groups. In both contexts, the importance of participant empowerment was highlighted, with similarities in the profile of actions, but with differentiation of the mediators" autonomy. It was found that the theory/practice of the groups was in transition from the traditional to a more humanistic approach. However, this was at a slow speed, compared with healthcare policies and needs.

: The study analyzed the social representations of primary health care professionals on evaluative processes of groups that work with food and nutrition, and described the educational strategies used in this care. This was a qualitative study from 2012 to 2014 in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in which 48 interviews were analyzed. In the analysis of the interviews, for classification of the educational strategies in learning categories and contents, Bogdan & Biklen and Zabala were used, respectively. The evaluative processes used the collective subject discourse technique, based on Jodelet's social representations. Three learning contents were found in the educational strategies and four social representations of the evaluative processes which combined to reveal the presence of a conflict by a practice directed by the work process to quantitative and individual evaluative criteria and a health-promoting practice that used inclusive approaches and participant evaluation. In this practice, the study implicitly identified the presence of autonomy in health. The study revealed the need to acknowledge and systematize group planning as an educational tool that qualifies and empowers comprehensive care.

Identificaram-se fatores facilitadores e barreiras para a atuação do nutricionista em segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN) na perspectiva de coordenadores de cursos de graduação em Nutrição do município de São Paulo, Brasil. Em estudo qualitativo, com uso do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, questionaram-se os coordenadores sobre aspectos favoráveis e limitadores da prática profissional em SAN. As políticas públicas e a formação foram apontadas positiva e negativamente. Como facilitadoras, verificaram-se as ideias centrais "existência de políticas e programas públicos" e "formação adequada"; como barreiras, a "insuficiência ou não-aplicação dessas políticas", "pouca possibilidade de atuação do nutricionista no setor público" e "formação insuficiente ou inadequada". Concluiu-se que coordenadores valorizam a existência de políticas públicas, porém é nítida a limitação de ações. A formação, considerada adequada por alguns, foi criticada quanto à tecnicidade, fragmentação e desarticulação entre teoria e prática.